A federation can be formed in two ways:
- By way of integration
- A number of militarily weak or economically backward states (independent) come together to form a big and strong union.
- Example – The United States.
- The US is the first and the oldest federation in the world.
- By way of disintegration
- A big unitary state is converted into a federation by granting autonomy to the provinces to promote regional interest.
- Example – Canada
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