During meiosis, two chromosomes pair lengthwise in a process called synapsis. Prophase I of meiosis is the primary synapsis or syndesis phase. The homologues are connected by a protein complex known as the synaptonemal complex. Synapsis occurs during the zygotene stage. Crossing-over is the process by which the chromatids conjoin, separate, and exchange pieces with one another. The cross-over spot produces an “X” shape known as the chiasmata. Crossing over occurs during pachytene stage.
Homologues are paired by synapsis and get separated by the end of meiosis I after recombination. Genetic recombination, known as crossing-over during synapsis, eventually results in gametes with characteristics from both parents.
Mitosis should not be confused with this. Although mitosis also comprises prophase, two homologous chromosomes are typically not paired during this phase.
Synthesis-dependent strand annealing, often known as SDSA, is a common type of recombination that follows synapsis.
Read Also:
Learn more about this topic, here at BYJU’S.
Comments