Drift velocity is defined as the average velocity attained by the particles (electrons) of a given material due to an electric field that is proportional to current. Ohmβs law can be expressed in terms of drift velocity as follows:
u=ΞΌE
Where,
u: drift velocity (m/s)
ΞΌ: materialβs electron mobility (m2/V.s)
E: electric field (V/m)
Derivation of Drift velocity
Following is the derivation of drift velocity:
Here,
v = 0
t = T (relaxation time that is the time required by an electron to return to its initial equilibrium value)
This is the final equation explaining drift velocity.
But as the temperature increases, the drift velocity of electrons increases in a metallic conductor.
See the video below to learn about the current electricity, drift velocity, and mobility.
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Frequently Asked Questions β FAQs
What is Ohmβs law?
What are the applications of Ohmβs law?
- To determine the voltage, resistance or current of an electric circuit.
- Ohmβs law maintains the desired voltage drop across the electronic components.
- Ohmβs law is also used in DC ammeter and other DC shunts to divert the current.
Define electric current.
What are the advantages of AC over DC?
- AC is less expensive and easy to generate than DC.
- The distance covered by AC is more than that of the DC.
- The power loss during transmission in AC is less when compared to the DC
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