There are five stages through which digestion occurs - Ingestion - intake of food Digestion - the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food... View Article
The main aim of the cell cycle or mitosis is the production of new cells for repairing and growth of damaged or dead cells. The phases in the... View Article
In the cardiac cycle, different events take place in a matter of 1 heartbeat so that the heart pumps blood for it to circulate all through the... View Article
The cardiovascular system comprises three main parts - blood, the heart and the blood vessels. The three main functions of the cardiovascular... View Article
High blood pressure or hypertension refers to the pressure of the blood against the walls of arteries. This high blood pressure can damage the... View Article
Blood flows via a particular set of pathways called blood vessels. Any of the factors that lead to cardiac output to increase. It is by elevation... View Article
There is a drop in the flow of blood to the downstream capillaries due to the narrowing or constriction of arterioles which increases the... View Article
Capillaries are tiny blood vessels with walls having only one endothelial cell thickness. These blood vessels have a small lumen, but in... View Article
Capillaries have very thin walls. This feature, enables nutrients and oxygen to pass and diffuse from the blood into the tissues. This thus... View Article
The three main types of capillaries are—continuous, discontinuous or sinusoidal and fenestrated. These are found in different regions of the... View Article
The smallest and richly supplied blood vessels are capillaries. They branch out from arterioles forming networks in the body cells. They form an... View Article
Hormones are released in the blood from endocrine glands and get transported to the target cells. They bind to the specific protein receptors... View Article
Steroid hormones interact with intracellular receptors and regulate gene expression and protein synthesis. It results in physiological and... View Article
Chymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme produced by the pancreas and transported to the small intestine through the hepatopancreatic duct. It is... View Article
Pepsin is an acidic protease, secreted by the peptic cells as pepsinogen. It requires a highly acidic environment for optimal activity. The... View Article
Leydig cells present in the testes secrete testosterone in males. Luteinizing hormone (LH) secreted by the pituitary gland, stimulates the... View Article
A zymogen is a proenzyme, which is secreted by many glands in the body. It is the inactive form of the enzyme and can be stored or transported... View Article
Peptic or chief cells of gastric glands produce and secrete pepsinogen, a proenzyme. Pepsinogen is converted into pepsin (active enzyme) on... View Article
The enzyme dipeptidases, secreted by the small intestine, break down dipeptides into amino acids. Also Check: What is Digestion Absorption... View Article