Vestigial structures are those structures, which are present in the body but do not have any function. These structures were once functional in... View Article
Thylakoids present in chloroplasts are arranged in tight sacks known as grana. Grana is plural, whereas granum is singular. Two grana are... View Article
ECG or electrocardiogram is the graphical representation of the electrical activity of the heart during the cardiac cycle. Each peak in ECG is... View Article
The compounds that are oxidised during respiration to yield energy are called respiratory substrates. Carbohydrates are generally utilised as... View Article
The main function of the kidney is to remove metabolic waste and excess water. They also help in maintaining ionic balance and blood pressure in... View Article
Primary stem growth occurs at the shoot apices. Apical meristem is involved in primary growth. Cell elongation also contributes to primary... View Article
Autogamy refers to the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower, whereas geitonogamy refers to the transfer of... View Article
B cells or B-lymphocytes are called so because they were first discovered from Bursa of Fabricius in birds (B from Bursa and not bone marrow). It... View Article
Ammonia is the most toxic nitrogenous waste. It requires a large amount of water for excretion. Uric acid is the least toxic nitrogenous waste.... View Article
When malic acid is the respiratory substrate, then the amount of CO2 released is more than the oxygen consumed. The respiratory quotient of malic... View Article
Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration. It occurs in all the living organisms. Glycolysis is a multi-step enzyme catalysed process... View Article
Cytokinins induce cell division and promote the growth of developing shoot buds, root apices, young fruits, etc. It promotes the development of... View Article
Most of the oxygen transported in the blood as oxyhaemoglobin, i.e. bound to haemoglobin. It is haem containing protein, the respiratory pigment... View Article
The three main minerals that plants need for their steady growth and development are NPK, i.e. nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).... View Article
Diffusion is a mode of passive transport, where substances move from higher concentration to lower concentration without energy expenditure. The... View Article
Limiting factor is a variable that determines the measure or output of a system. Examples of biotic limiting factors are predation, availability... View Article
Enzymes are highly specific to their substrate as well as to the optimum conditions. Extreme temperature and pH can denature an enzyme and result... View Article
Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle present in eukaryotic cells. The main function of the Golgi apparatus is packaging and secretion of... View Article
