The z-gene in lac operon codes for beta-galactosidase (b-gal). The main enzyme of the lac operon, which catalyses the hydrolysis of lactose.... View Article
Height is determined by multiple genes. It is a polygenic trait and hence difficult to predict the inheritance pattern. Polygenic inheritance... View Article
Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. Protein catabolism or breakdown gives rise to amino acids or simple derivatives. Different types of... View Article
Hydrolysis of ATP provides energy to carry out essential functions by living organisms such as active transport, muscle contraction, biochemical... View Article
Phototropism is the differential elongation of a cell in response to light. It optimises the absorption of light for photosynthesis, nutrient... View Article
Interfascicular cambium and cork cambium are formed due to dedifferentiation from parenchyma cells. Further reading: Cell Differentiation... View Article
Enzymes act as catalysts. They lower the activation energy. Substrates bind to enzymes at the active site, which facilitates bond formation and... View Article
Phloem transports food prepared by photosynthesis in leaves to other parts of the plants. Food needs to be transported to the roots down as well... View Article
Mendel carried out various hybridization experiments on pea plants. He took pea plants with seven pairs of contrasting traits such as tall and... View Article
Genetic variation is caused by mutation and recombination during meiosis. Random mating and fertilization also affect genetic variation. Further... View Article
Down's syndrome is a genetic disorder. It is caused due to chromosomal aneuploidy. It is due to an extra copy of chromosome 21 or trisomy of the... View Article
Triplet code is a trinucleotide sequence or genetic code, which codes for a specific amino acid of a polypeptide chain. It is non-overlapping and... View Article
The cell membrane largely consists of lipids and proteins. Phospholipids are major lipids, which are present as bilayer with their hydrophobic... View Article
DNA carries all the genetic information, required for cell development, division, reproduction, differentiation and life processes. Proteins are... View Article
Proteins are an essential component of a living system. They carry out various functions as enzymes, hormones, cellular transport, defence... View Article
The main function of sclerenchyma is to provide mechanical support. They consist of long, narrow cells with a thick lignified wall. They are... View Article
Allogamy and Xenogamy are types of cross-fertilisation. Allogamy refers to the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another... View Article
The cell cycle comprises two phases, i.e. interphase and mitosis or M phase. Interphase is further divided into three phases, viz., G1, S, and... View Article
Cilia and flagella are located on the cell membrane. They are hair-like outgrowths of the cell membrane and are covered with the plasma membrane.... View Article
