Animal Tissue - Types, Structure

The animal cells are grouped together to form animal tissues. These tissues vary in their structure, function, and origin. The animal tissues are divided into epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues. Let us have a glimpse of each type of animal tissue in detail.
Table of Contents

Types of Animal Tissue

Animal tissues are distinguished into four basic types namely epithelial, connective, nervous and muscle tissues.

animal tissue types

Epithelial Tissue

Epithelial tissues form the protective covering and inner lining of the body and organs. These tissues were the first to evolve during evolution and were first formed during embryonic development. They develop from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm of the embryo.

Characteristics of Epithelial Tissues

Following are the important characteristics of epithelial tissues:

  1. These can be single-layered or multi-layered.
  2. The tissues have the power to regenerate.
  3. These are held together by gap junctions, tight junctions, zonula adheren, desmosomes, or interdigitation.
  4. The plasma membrane of these cells is specialized into flagella, cilia, and microvilli.

Classification of Epithelial Tissues

The epithelial tissues can be classified as:

Classification

Function

Sensory epithelium

To perceive stimuli
Glandular epithelium

Secretes chemicals

Pigmented epithelium

Imparts colour in retina
Absorptive epithelium

For absorption

Also Read: Plant Tissue System

Connective Tissue

Connective tissues develop from the mesodermal cells of the embryo. they support and bind other tissues in the body. These are made up of three components:

  • Intercellular Matrix: It is made up of mucopolysaccharide, specifically hyaluronic acid.
  • Cells: The major cells include fibroblasts, adipocytes, plasma cells and mast cells.
  • Fibres: Connective tissues are made up of three types of fibres, namely, collagen fibre, elastic fibre, reticular fibre.

The connective tissues perform the following functions:

  1. They attach organs and tissues together.
  2. They store fat in the form of adipose tissues.
  3. They help in repairing tissues.
  4. They prevent the organs from mechanical shocks.
  5. The organs also help in defence.

Classification of Connective Tissues

The connective tissues are classified as follows:

Classification

Function

Connective Tissue Proper

Provides support and protection to the body
Vascular Tissue

Transport of materials in the body

Skeletal Tissue

It supports the body and gives it proper shape and form

Also Read: Epithelial and Connective Tissue

Muscle Tissue

The muscular tissue develops from the mesoderm of the embryo. It is classified into three types:

  • Cardiac
  • Smooth
  • Skeletal

Muscular tissue performs the following functions:

  1. It helps in movement and locomotion.
  2. It supports the bones and other structures.
  3. It is responsible for peristalsis and parturition.

Classification of Muscular Tissue

The muscular tissue can be classified as:

Classification

Function

Cardiac

It helps in blood circulation and keeps the heart pumping
Smooth

These help in peristalsis and other involuntary functions of the body.

Skeletal

Provide support, help in movement and maintain homeostasis

Also Read: Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue makes up the peripheral and the central nervous system. It develops from the ectoderm of the embryo. It possesses the ability to initiate and transmit the nerve impulse. Its main components include:

  • Neurons These are the structural and functional unit of nervous system. It comprises an axon, cell body and dendrites.
  • Neuroglia – These are special cells found in the brain and spinal cord. They provide support to the neurons and fibres.
  • Neurosecretory Cells – These function as endocrine organs. They release chemical from the axons direcly into blood.

Animal tissues class 9 gives a detailed overview of the epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues in human body. Stay tuned with BYJU’S to know more about the animal tissues, its types or other related topics.

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Further Reading:

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the four types of animal tissues?

The four major types of animal tissues are epithelial, connective, nervous and muscle tissue.

Does connective tissue have mesoderm?

Mesodermal cells are the most abundant ones in the human body. It represents a wide range of cell types, including connective tissues found all over the body.

What are the common cell types in connective tissue?

Connective tissue is mesodermal in origin. The major cell types that make this tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, plasma cells and mast cells.

Where are connective tissues found?

Connective tissue is one of the primary animal tissues that develops from the mesoderm. It is found everywhere in the body, including the nervous system.

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