Difference between Gene Amplification and Gene Cloning

Gene Amplification

It is a technique used in PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to make multiple copies of the desired gene. It can precisely increase the copies of the target gene, without increasing the proportion of other genes. This amplification can either be an artificial or natural process.

Gene duplication and DNA replication are some natural processes by which multiple copies of a gene are obtained. Artificial amplification includes PCR, TMA (transcription-mediated amplification), and LCR (ligase chain reaction).

Gene Cloning

It is an experimental process by which recombinant DNA (rDNA) is made to replicate inside the host cell. The gene of interest is placed in a vector (plasmid) and directed to replicate and produce copies within the host cell. Here, the term cloning refers to the process of producing identical DNA molecules. Gene cloning is used in several biological experiments like DNA profiling.

Also Read: DNA Cloning

Difference between Gene Amplification and Gene Cloning

Gene Amplification

Gene Cloning

It is a process by which the desired gene is amplified using PCR, TMA and LCR techniques.

It is a process by which the desired rDNA is constructed, and made to replicate inside the host cell.

It does not involve cloning vectors or host cells.

It involves a cloning vector and a host cell.

It is an in vitro technique.

It is a kind of in vivo technique.

It involves the use of DNA polymerase and RNA primers.

It involves the use of restriction enzymes and DNA ligase.

It is quickly performed within hours, and also the chances of error are less.

It takes a few days to clone a gene. Also, the chances of error are comparatively more.

It is comparatively less labour-intensive.

It is more labour-intensive.

Explore: PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction

Frequently Asked Questions on Difference between Gene Amplification and Gene Cloning

Q1

What is an amplicon?

The desired RNA/DNA that acts as a product/source in events like replication and amplification is termed as an amplicon. Usually, an amplicon is formed through PCR or LCR techniques. Amplicon plays an important role in forensics, medicine and research.

Q2

What is natural cloning?

Vegetative reproduction and binary fission are some natural processes by which clones are produced. Mostly, identical gene copies are produced through asexual reproduction. Sometimes, natural clones or identical twins also occur in some humans and other mammals.

Q3

What is rDNA?

The DNA or genetic material from different sources are put together to create the desired DNA sequence that was originally not present in the target genome. This crafted DNA molecule made through different laboratory techniques is termed recombinant DNA or rDNA.

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