Which bank is called the 1st Swadeshi bank in India?

Central Bank of India is known as the 1st swadeshi bank in India. It was established in 1911. The Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935. You can read about the Types of Banks in India – Category and Functions of Banks in India in the given link.

Further readings:

1. Granting License for Small Finance Banks by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
2. RBI – Reserve Bank of India [UPSC Indian Economy Notes]