What is a disturbed area?

A disturbed area is one that is declared by notification under Section 3 of the AFSPA. An area can be disturbed due to differences or disputes between members of different religious, racial, language or regional groups or castes or communities. The Central Government or the Governor of the State or administrator of the Union Territory can declare the whole or part of the State or Union Territory as a disturbed area. 

The Ministry of Home Affairs usually enforces this Act where necessary, but there have been exceptions where the Centre decided to forego its power and leave the decision to the State governments.

(Source: The Hindu)

Further Reading:

• Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA)
• Paramilitary Forces Of India