Who invented the tax system in India?

James Wilson, the first Finance Minister of the British Indian Government introduced the tax system in India. In 1860, income tax was introduced by James Wilson in India. You can read about the Tax Administration Reform Commission – TARC Mandate, Report, Recommendations in the given link.

Further readings:

1. Tax Policy Council & Tax Policy Research Unit: Notes for UPSC
2. Taxation in India – Direct taxes & Indirect Taxes, Features of Taxation System