Geometrical Optics Formulae for NEET

1. Laws of Reflection of light
   • The incident ray, the refracted ray, and normal lie on the same plane
   • Snells law

   sin i/sin r = constant

2. Relative refractive index ₁n₂ = v₁/v₂

   v₁ = velocity of light in first medium

   v₂ = velocity of light in second medium

3. Absolute Refractive indexn = c/v

   c= velocity of light in air

   v = velocity of light in given medium

4. Lateral Shift

   

5. Normal shift on a single surfaceNormal shift Ns= t[1-1/n]
6. Relation between refractive index and critical anglen = 1/sin C
7. Refraction through a prism

   Refractive index of the prism n = [sin(A+δ/2)]/sin A/2

8. Deviation produced by a thin filmd = (n-1) A

   (n-1) is called the refractivity of the material

9. Angular dispersion between two coloursAngular dispersion = (n_v-n_r)A

   n_v, n_r is the refractive index of violet light and red light

10. Dispersive powerω = n_v– n_r/n-1
11. Lens makers formula for thin lenses1/f = (n-1) { 1/R₁ – 1/R₂}
12. Power of lensP = 1/f
13. Equivalent focal length of combination of two thin lenses1/f = 1/f₁ + 1/f₂

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