We know there are generally two types of motors, AC motor, and DC motor. AC motors are flexible for speed control and demand low power during start. On the other hand, DC motors are widely used due to its initial cost of low power units is less compared to AC and can be easily installed.
Types of AC and DC motors are listed below:
- Synchronous
- Asynchronous(Induction)
- Brushed
- Brushless
Synchronous Motors
In this kind of motors, the speed remains constant with varying loads and the supply current frequency is synchronized with rotor rotation. That is why this motor helps to drive motors at a constant speed and is used in machines.
Asynchronous(Induction) Motors
This motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction which is produced from the magnetic field on the rotor. These are classified into two types according to the load capacity:
- Single-Phase
- Three-Phase
The single-phase induction motors are used for smaller loads such as household appliances
The three-phase induction motors are used in industries applications such as conveyor belts, lifting gears, etc.
Brushed Motors
These are the traditional variety of DC motors which are used for basic applications where there is a very simple control system. These are used in consumer applications and basic industrial applications. These are classified into four types:
- Series Wound
- Shunt Wound
- Compound Wound
- Permanent Magnet
In the series wound DC motors, the rotor winding is connected in series with the field winding. Varying the supply voltage will help in controlling the speed. These are used in lifts, cranes, and hoists, etc.
In the shunt wound DC motors, the rotor winding is connected in parallel with the field winding. It can deliver higher torque without any reduction in the speed and increases the motor current. Due to its medium level of starting torque along with constant speed, it is used in conveyors, grinders, vacuum cleaners, etc
In the compound wound DC motors, the polarity of the shunt winding gets added to that of the series fields. It has a high starting torque and runs smoothly even if the load varies smoothly. This is used in elevators, circular saws, centrifugal pumps, etc.
Permanent magnet as the name suggests are used for precise control and lower torque such as robotics.
Brushless Motors
These motors have a simpler design and have a higher life span when used in higher applications. This has little maintenance and high efficiency. These types of motors are used in appliances that use speed and position control such as fans, compressors, and pumps.
These were some types of motors if you wish to know more, download BYJU’S The Learning App
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Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is an electric motor?
It is an electrical device that transforms electrical energy into usable mechanical energy. Almost every electric motor operates by the interplay between the motor’s electric current and magnetic field in the form of torque exerted on the shaft of the motor.
What are the important parts of an electric motor?
A power supply, field Magnet, armature or rotor, commutator, brushes, and axle are the important parts of an electric motor.
What are the two fundamental types of motors?
AC motor and DC motor are the two fundamental types of motors.
What are the main types of AC motors?
Synchronous motors and Induction motors are the main types of AC motors.
What are the main types of DC motors?
Series, Shunt and Compound motors are the main types of DC motors.
What is a magnetic field?
A magnetic field is a field that describes the magnetic effect on moving charges, magnetic materials and electric currents.
What is a magnet?
A magnet is an object or material that generates a magnetic field.
What is a magnetic field?
A magnetic field is a physical field that is a projection of magnetic influence on travelling charges, magnetic materials and electric currents.
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