The major driving force of ascent of sap is transpiration pull or transpiration through leaves. Cohesion-tension theory explains the pulling of... View Article
The largest reservoir of nitrogen on Earth is N2 gas present in the air. The air in Earth's atmosphere is composed of around 78% nitrogen gas.... View Article
When oxygen is absent, the end product of glycolysis, i.e. pyruvate is converted to lactic acid or ethanol and CO2 by fermentation. It is called... View Article
Interphase is the resting phase of a cell cycle and it accounts for more than 95% duration of the cell cycle. The interphase is divided into... View Article
Glycolysis is a ten-step process, which produces two pyruvate molecules on partial oxidation of glucose. Total 4 ATP molecules are produced in... View Article
ATPs are produced in the mitochondria during cellular respiration. Most of the ATPs are produced in the electron transport system by oxidative... View Article
Meiosis II occurs in the secondary oocytes. Meiosis II is arrested at the metaphase II stage and is only completed after the penetration of sperm... View Article
The rate of transpiration is regulated by the opening of the stomata. In general, light stimulates the opening of stomata and during daylight,... View Article
The wall of the alimentary canal is made up of four layers. They are serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa from outer to the inner layer.... View Article
Endocytosis is the process of internalisation of substances in the cell. The three types of endocytosis are pinocytosis, phagocytosis and... View Article
Pyruvate is produced at the end of glycolysis, which is transported to mitochondria and further oxidised in aerobic respiration for complete... View Article
When a system is governed by many variables, then the variable, which is present in minimum quantity and regulates the output of the process is... View Article
Facilitated diffusion does not require ATP. It is a type of passive transport down the concentration gradient. Membrane proteins facilitate the... View Article
Organic solutes such as sucrose are transported from the source to sink through phloem tissues. Transport by phloem is considered an active... View Article
Inheritance is the passing on of traits from parent to offspring. DNA is the genetic material that gets inherited from one generation to another.... View Article
DNA is tightly packed and organised to fit in the nucleus. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is wrapped around basic histone proteins in the form of... View Article
Deletion is the removal of a piece of chromosome or DNA sequence from the genome. Deletion of the number of nucleotides, which are not in... View Article
Ions are transported across the cell membrane through transport proteins. They allow the ions to cross the hydrophobic barrier of the cell... View Article
A Casparian strip is present in the endodermis of the root. It is the thick suberised deposition on the endodermal wall, which is waxy and... View Article