Students can find the Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 11 Transport in Plants. These questions are created by subject experts after thorough research on exam patterns and question paper design. Students must practice these questions to increase their scores in the class 11 Biology exam.
Table of Contents
- Very Short Answer Type Questions
- Short Answer Type Questions
- Long Answer Type Questions
- Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 11 Transport in Plants
Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 11 Transport in Plants
Plants move molecules to long distances, much more than animals without possessing any circulatory system. The water that is absorbed by the roots has to reach every part of the plant. The process of photosynthesis by leaves is necessitated to move across all parts even the tips of the roots that are buried deep in the soil. Substances that are transported in flowering plants are mineral nutrients, water, organic nutrients, and plant growth, regulators. Through cytoplasmic streaming supplemented by active transport and diffusion, substances can move over short distances. However, over longer distances, transportation is carried out by the vascular system – the xylem and the phloem. This is referred to as translocation. Continue reading to get insights on transportation in plants.
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Addition of urea to flowering plants so as to grow faster in earthen pot results in the death of the plant after a while. What can be the cause?
A.1. Due to exosmosis, the plant dies. Water gradually tends to move out of the plant cell as the solution outside is a hypertonic solution whereas the plant cell is hypotonic. This causes plasmolysis of the cells of the roots and ultimately, the death of the plant.
Q.2. The direction and rate of Osmosis depend upon ________
A.2. It depends upon both the concentration gradient and the pressure gradient.
Q.3. Water absorption by dry seeds from soil rises the ______, hence aiding seedlings to appear out of the soil.
A.3. The seed materials imbibe water which propels the seedlings out of the soil hence the seed swells and imbibition pressure rises within the seeds enabling seed germination.
Q.4. What are solute potential and water potential?
A.4. The potential energy of water is considered to be the water potential. It is also regarded as a measure of the difference between the potential energy of pure water and a given sample of water. The lowering magnitude of water potential because of the dissolution of solute is known as solute potential.
Q.5. Explain how almost all the water moves into the root?
A.5. The apoplast pathway causes water to flow in the root as the cortical cells are generally loosely arranged which provides no resistance to the water that moves through the mass flow. It occurs due to cohesive and adhesive properties exhibited by water. The Symplast pathway is also attributed to the movement of molecules of water within the root.
Q.6. Name a molecular movement that is highly selective requiring special membrane proteins without needing any energy.
Q.7. What is Transportation in Plants?
A.7.The process of distribution or the movement of water, minerals and food to all parts of the plant body is termed Transportation in Plants.
Q.8.How is the transportation process occurs in plants?
A.8.Transport in plants occurs at three levels:
- Individual cells are involved in the uptake and release of water and other solutes.
- Short-distance transport of substances from one cell to another.
- The xylem and phloem are two tissues responsible for the movement of water and other solutes.
Q.9.What is Translocation?
A.9. The movement of water and other nutrients from the soil to all parts of the plant is termed Translocation.
Q.10.What are the different means of Transportation in plants?
A.10.There are three different means of Transportation in plants:
- Diffusion.
- Facilitated diffusion.
- Active Transport.
Q.11.Define Plasmolysis and osmosis.
A.11.
Plasmolysis is defined as the contraction of the protoplasm of cells within plants due to the loss of water through osmosis.
Osmosis is defined as the process of movement of the molecules from a solution of low concentration to a solution of high concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. How does the analysis of the exudate enable one to detect minerals and the form in which they are assembled in the plant?
A.1. Chemical analysis of the exudate(plant sap) can help us understand the form and identity of mineral nutrients that are transported in the plants as the exudate is a mixture of inorganic and organic compounds such as ions, amino acids, sugars, etc. For example, Sulphur in sulphate ion forms, nitrogen is absorbed and transported as NO2 and NO3
Q.2. Name a method that can be used to increase the life span of cut plants in a vase.
A.2. By quickly transferring them into the water, their lifespan can be increased as air will immediately shift into the tissue that conducts water and fill the cell. In addition, supplying elements and nutrients in varying concentrations can increase its life span. Cytokine, a hormone is sprayed or can be dipped in its solution to delay plant senescence.
Q.3. Does the rate of transpiration in different species of a plant cultivated in the same area differ at a particular time? Support your answer.
A.3. The rate of transpiration is governed by several factors. If two species have the same morphology and are related, then the rate of transpiration is dependent on external factors such as humidity, temperature, wind velocity, light intensity, etc.
Q.4. Explain why the intracellular levels of K+ in animal cells are higher than the extracellular levels.
A.4. The ion channels can be closed or open, i.e, they are ‘gated’. The Na+, K+, ATPase generate an imbalance in the charge across the plasma membrane by passing 3Na+ out of the cell for each 2K+ ion carried within causing the inside of the cell more negative than the outside of the cell. The membrane is referred to as polarized. Hence intracellular levels of K+ are higher.
Q.5. Why do cut pieces of beetroot produce colour in hot water and not in cold water?
A.5. It is because the beetroot pigment dissolves and disperses immediately in hot water as hot temperature facilitates leakage of the plasma membrane and discharge of beetroot pigment.
Long Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Do plants require to adjust the solute types that arrive at the xylem? Name the molecules that assist in adjusting. How is the regulation of the type and quantity of solutes that reach the xylem brought about by the plants?
A.1. Yes, adjustment is required. The end dermal cells possess the transport proteins that aid in regulating and adjusting the solute movement. Since soil minerals are present as charged particles with less concentration in comparison to the roots, they all cannot be transported passively across the cell membranes of the root hairs. Hence through passive and active processes minerals are transported to the xylem. On arriving at the xylem, they are further transported towards the sink through the transpiration stream. The mineral ions at the sink region are unloaded through active uptake by receptor cells and diffusion. A few mineral ions that move often through the xylem are:
- Nitrogen travels in plants as inorganic ions NO2 and NO3 but much of the nitrogen moves in the form of amino acids and related organic compounds
- Minerals ions are frequently remobilized specifically from older senescing pats. Leaves that are old and dying export most of their mineral content to younger leaves. Likewise, before leaves fall in deciduous plants, minerals are eliminated from other parts. A few elements that are readily mobilized are sulphur, phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen.
Q.2. State differences between permanent and temporary wilting.
A.2. Wilting refers to the loss of turgidity of leaves and the other soft aerial parts of a plant that causes folding, dropping and rolling of non-woody plants. It usually takes place when the rate of water loss is higher than the rate at which it is absorbed.
| Temporary Wilting | Permanent Wilting |
| 1) Loss of turgidity causes temporary drooping of leaves observed during noontime. | 1) Loss of turgidity permanently in leaves and other plant parts. |
| 2) It occurs when the rate of transpiration exceeds the water absorption due to the shrinking of roots. | 2) The rate of transpiration is higher than the rate of absorption but the difference is seen below a critical level. |
| 3) It recovers from being treated with water around the root hairs in the soil. | 3) Wilting here does not recover as the cells do not obtain the turgidity even upon water addition and environment. |
| 4) Plants regain their growth. | 4) The plant dies eventually. |
Q.3. How are halophytes able to display a high precell pressure compared to the atmospheric pressure.
A.3. Halophytes require soil with a high concentration of salts to grow. In the cytoplasm, there is an accumulation of salts due to which the osmotic concentration in the cytoplasm is increased that causing the entrance of water into the cells. Hence, the turgor pressure in halophytes cells is higher in comparison. Two steps are adapted by halophytes to restrict it:
- In vacuoles, they gather salts away from the cytoplasm
- Presence of salt-secreting glands to eliminate excess salts
Q.4. Classify the following into semipermeable membrane (S.P) and selectively permeable (S.L)
a) Animal Bladder
b) Plasmalemma
c) Tonoplast
d) Parchment membrane
e) Egg membrane
A.4. The classification is shown below:
| Semipermeable Membrane | Selectively Permeable |
| Parchment membrane | Animal Bladder
Plasmalemma Tonoplast Egg membrane |
Q.5. List out the differences between Guttation and Transpiration in plants?
A.5.
Transpiration and guttation are the two important processes of removal of excess water from plants. Listed below are the major differences between transpiration and guttation.
| Guttation | Transpiration |
| It is the secretion of water in liquid form. | It is the excessive loss of water as water vapours. |
| Occurs through the leaf tips. | Takes place within the aerial parts of the leaves. |
| Occurs during nighttime. | Occurs during the daytime. |
| It is an uncontrolled natural phenomenon. | It is a controlled and regulated phenomenon. |
| The water is rich in minerals. | The water is pure. |
Transport in plants is an interesting topic we learn in Biology. Learn more about the plant system by registering at BYJU’S.
Important Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 11 Transport in Plants
1) Which of the following is an example of imbibition?
(A) Opening of stomata
(B) Uptake of water by root hair
(C) Exchange of gases in stomatal
(D) Swelling of seed when put in the soil
The Correct Answer is (D) Swelling of seed when put in the soil.
Imbibition is a process in which water is absorbed by solids-colloids causing them to enormously increase in volume.
Thus the examples of imbibition are:
- Swelling of seed when put in the soil.
- Absorption of water by seeds and dry wood.
2) Match the following by choosing the correct option.
| Leaves | Anti-transpirant |
| Seeds | Transpiration |
| Roots | Negative Osmotic Potential |
| Aspirin | Imbibition |
| Plasmolyzed Cell | Absorption |
Answer:
| Leaves | Transpiration |
| Seed | Imbibition |
| Roots | Absorption |
| Aspirin | Anti-transpirant |
| Plasmolysed cell | Negative osmotic potential |
3) Will the ascent of sap be possible without the cohesion and adhesion of the water molecules? Explain.
Answer:
No. the ascent of sap be possible without the cohesion and adhesion of the water molecules?
This is because, for root pressure, capillary action and transpiration pull to occur, a force of attraction should exist between molecules of water and between water molecules and walls of the plant cell.
4) Define Uniport, Symport and Antiport. Do they require energy?
Answer:
Uniport
The movement of one molecule across a cell membrane (either inside or outside) through the transporter protein is called uniport.
Symport
The movement of two different molecules across the cell membrane in the same direction is called antiport.
Antiport
The coupled transport of two different molecules through a membrane in the opposite direction through a protein channel is called antiport.
No. Uniport, symport and antiport are types of facilitated diffusion. Hence they do not require energy.
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