The two basic reasons responsible for the Surat Split in 1907 between the Early Nationalists and the Assertive Nationalists are as follows:
- Early nationalists believed in the policy of settlement of minor issues with the government by deliberations. But the extremists believed in agitation, strikes, and boycotts. Assertive Nationalists led by Lokmanya Tilak agitated against the Early Nationalists.
- In the Surat session of 1907, a difference of opinion regarding the candidature for President of Congress arose between the Early Nationalists and the Assertive Nationalists. Assertive Nationalists wanted Rai or Bal Gangadhar Tilak as a presidential candidate and Early Nationalists supported Ghosh to be the President. This difference of opinion was the reason of the Surat Split
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