Who started the first peasant movement in India

The first peasant movement in India was started in Bihar under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, who formed the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS) in 1929 to mobilise peasant grievances against the zamindari attacks on their occupancy rights.

For further reading check the following articles:

• Peasant Movement and Tribal Uprisings in India
• British Empire
• Different land revenue systems