When the S phase is complete, the cell contains several sister-chromatid pairs that form a fragile mass of tangled DNA and protein. Any effort in... View Article
A central purpose of mitosis is to distribute the duplicated sister chromatids into two daughter nuclei. This clearly requires chromatid... View Article
Between sister chromatids, the cohesin linkage is set up during the S phase and appears to be closely tied to the DNA replication. Cohesin... View Article
SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) proteins are a family of large proteins composed of a long coiled-coil region with a terminal ATPase... View Article
At least two mechanisms are involved in sister-chromatid cohesion. The first, DNA catenation, is the large interweaving of the duplicated DNA... View Article
The giant DNA molecules of eukaryotic chromosomes need to be copied rapidly to ensure that replication is completed in a relatively short period... View Article
Regulatory networks that depend in some way on a negative feedback loop are often capable of generating repeated oscillations in the activity of... View Article
Cyclins, Cdk inhibitor proteins and other cell-cycle regulators are targeted for degradation by the attachment of multiple copies of the small... View Article
The substrate specificity of S cyclins depends on a region called the hydrophobic patch, which lies on the surface of the cyclin protein and is... View Article
Double thymidine block - It is a method for synchronously arresting a mammalian cell population at the beginning of the S phase. Asynchronous... View Article
A large population of cells is treated with a fluorescent DNA dye and then injected into an instrument called a flow cytometer, which can rapidly... View Article
It is a technique used to enumerate and analyze a sample of cells by incubating them with one or more fluorescently labelled antibodies and/or... View Article
A more specific approach to disrupting gene expression in mammalian cells is RNA interference (RNAi), which triggers the destruction of a... View Article
The major weakness of mammalian cells as an experimental system is the lack of rapid and specific methods for blocking gene and protein function... View Article
Transformed cell lines have accumulated widespread genetic damage that not only results in immortalization but also disrupts the controls that... View Article
When grown for long periods in culture, cells in a population can accumulate spontaneous mutations that prevent senescence, resulting in... View Article
Senescence in some cells, particularly human cells, is due to changes in the structure of the telomere, a complex DNA–protein structure... View Article
Cell senescence results from at least two general mechanisms. One of which is - many cell types (particularly rodent cells) are thought to... View Article
A mammalian cell-cycle analysis is best performed with cells that have been taken directly from the animal and grown in plastic dishes containing... View Article
The imaginal discs are useful for analyzing the role of regulatory proteins in the control of cell proliferation. The eye imaginal disc is... View Article
