UN75 initiative was launched in January 2020 with the aim of the world’s largest conversation about current global challenges and the gap between the future they want and where they are headed, if current trends continue.
Why is it in the news?
In June 2020, a commemorative declaration marking the 75th anniversary of the signing of the United Nations (UN) Charter was delayed as member states could not reach an agreement on phraseology.
In this article, we shall discuss at length the causes of delay in the UN75 declaration and what are the Five Eyes (FVEY). This is also an important topic for candidates preparing for the upcoming IAS Exam.
UN75 Declaration [UPSC Notes]:-Download PDF Here
| Preparing for the upcoming Civil Services Exam?? Test your preparation with the UPSC Previous Year Question Papers! Also, refer to the links below: |
What is the UN75 Declaration?
The UN75 Declaration Calls for Multilateralism to Achieve Equal, Resilient World.
It marks the achievements made by the United Nations Organisation over the past 75 years and the agendas which yet need to be fulfilled. The growing inequality, poverty, terrorism, hunger, climate changes and pandemics are not a world that was desirable 75 years ago.
Under the UN75 declaration, the member countries pledge to resolve to:
- Leave no one behind in a vulnerable condition
- Make the world better and greener
- Promote peace and prevent conflicts and promote respect for international humanitarian law
- Work for equality and empower women and girls in all domains
- Build trust by addressing growing inequalities within and among countries and addressing root causes of disparities, including violence, human rights abuses, corruption, marginalisation, discrimination in all its forms, poverty, and exclusion, as well as lack of education and employment
- Ensure safe and affordable digital access for all
- Ensure sustainable financing
- Listen to, and work with, youth
- Improve global crisis prevention and response systems
Get UPSC Notes on the United Nations Security Council Reforms at the linked article.
Why did the UN75 Declaration get delayed?
The declaration got delayed as the member states could not reach an agreement on phraseology. They have objected to the use of the phrase “shared vision of a common future.”
What is the reason for the objection?
A few member countries believe that the phrase is similar to the Chinese Communist Party (CPC), which is “community with a shared future for mankind.” This has come as an outcome of the strained relations that China currently shares with countries like India, the United Nations and Australia.
What is the outcome of this objection?
This objection has resulted in breaking the ‘silence process’ of the UN.
The silence process refers to a procedure by which a resolution passes with no formal objections being raised within a stipulated time.
Which countries have shown an objection?
The Five Eyes (FVEY), i.e., the U.S., the U.K., Australia, New Zealand and Canada, along with India, have not spoken in favour of the phrase.
| What is Five Eyes (FVEY)?
Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States constitute the Five Eyes (FVEY) which is an intelligence alliance. These countries are parties to the multilateral UKUSA Agreement, a treaty for joint cooperation in signals intelligence. |
What do the objecting countries demand?
The six countries demand the phrase to be read as “We will work together with partners to strengthen coordination and global governance for the common good of present and future generations and to realise our shared vision for a better future as envisaged in the preamble of the UN Charter.”
Refer to the links below and learn more about India’s relations with other countries:
| India – China Relations | India-China Border Clash |
| India-United States Relations | India-Australia Relations |
| India – Pakistan Relations | India-Taiwan Relations |
About Signing the UN Charter
- The Charter of the United Nations is the founding document of the United Nations. It was signed on June 26, 1945, in San Francisco, and came into force on October 24, 1945
- Since the UN’s founding in 1945, the mission and work of the Organisation have been guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter, which has been amended three times in 1963, 1965, and 1973
- Each year October 24 is observed as the United Nations Day
- United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt had coined the name “United Nations”
- Currently, there are 193 Member States, the UN and its work are guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter
- The UN functions through its 6 principal organs. They are:
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- Secretariat
- Economic and Social Council
- Trusteeship Council
- International Court of Justice
To know in detail about the Principal Organs of the United Nations, candidates can visit the linked article.
UN75 Declaration [UPSC Notes]:-Download PDF Here
IAS aspirants must also go through the detailed UPSC Syllabus for the upcoming Civil Services Exam and accordingly start the preparation.
Visit BYJU’S for the latest exam updates and study material.
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