23 Jul 2022: UPSC Exam Comprehensive News Analysis

Quote for the day Set 5 11

CNA 23 July 2022:- Download PDF Here

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. GS 1 Related
B. GS 2 Related
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
1. Russia, Ukraine seal grain exports deal
2. Antarctic Bill passed in LS
C. GS 3 Related
D. GS 4 Related
E. Editorials
SOCIETY
1. Being Sarna: a fight to define tribal identity
ECONOMY
1. Despite pressures, the rupee’s remarkable resilience
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
1. Union of the sanctioned
F. Prelims Facts
1. National Film Awards
G. Tidbits
1. Display Tricolour at home from August 13-15, PM urges people
2. ‘Saudi, UAE recorded most deaths of Indian workers’
H. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions
I. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
FIP Magazine

F. Prelims Facts

1. National Film Awards

Syllabus: GS-2; Governance; Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors

Prelims: About National Film Awards

Context

The announcements of 68th National Film Awards-2020 

National Film Awards

  • The National Film Awards is one of the most prestigious and anticipated events in the country.
  • National Film Awards was established in 1954 and the first set of awards was given for the films of 1953.
  • The awards are given in three sections – Features, Non-Features and Best Writing on Cinema.
  • It is presented by the Directorate of Film Festivals which works under the Union Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.
  • The awards are announced on an annual basis and the President of India presents the awards to the winners.
  • Aim: To encourage the production of films of aesthetic and technical excellence and social relevance contributing to a better understanding of the cultures of different regions of the country which eventually promotes unity and integrity of the nation.
  • The winners of the awards are decided by the Jury which consists of distinguished individuals in the field of cinema, other allied arts and humanities.

G. Tidbits

1. Display Tricolour at home from August 13-15, PM urges people

  • The Prime Minister of India urged the citizens to hoist or display the National Flag at their homes from August 13 to August 15 as part of the Har Ghar Tiranga initiative.
  • The Har Ghar Tiranga movement is visualised to deepen citizens’ connection with the National Flag.
  • In order to facilitate the campaign, the Union Home Ministry amended the Flag Code in 2021 to allow flags to be polyester and machine-made which earlier permitted only hand-woven or hand-spun flags to be made.
  • The Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Swaraj Flag as the National Flag of Sovereign India with the Ashok Chakra replacing the spinning wheel on July 22, 1947.

2. ‘Saudi, UAE recorded most deaths of Indian workers’

  • The government said that Saudi Arabia and the UAE, which are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) experienced the largest number of deaths of Indian workers during the period 2019-2021.
  • In Saudi Arabia, about 3,753 Indian workers died in 2020 and over 2,328 deaths were reported in 2021 and 2,353 in 2019.
  • In the UAE, about 2,454 Indian workers died in the UAE in 2020 compared with 1,751 in 2019 and 2,714 in 2021.
  • The years 2020 and 2021 years were marked by the pandemic which impacted the health and employment of these workers. However, there is no data on the number of deaths caused due to bad working conditions in these countries.

H. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions

Q1. Consider the following statements with regards to the Upper House of the Indian
Parliament:(Level – Easy)
  1. The Government of India Act, 1919 provided for a second federal chamber or the “Council of States”.
  2. The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the state legislative assemblies based on proportional representation.
  3. The Rajya Sabha exercises the ability to create new All-India Services under Article 312 by passing a resolution subject to support and voting by two-thirds of members.

Choose the correct code:

  1. 1 & 2 only
  2. 2 & 3 only
  3. 1 & 3 only
  4. All of the above
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: d

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct, The origin of the Rajya Sabha can be traced to the Montague-Chelmsford report of 1918 and the Government of India Act, 1919, which provided for a second federal chamber or the “Council of States”.
  • Statement 2 is correct, Members are elected by the elected members of state legislative assemblies based on the Proportional Representation by means of a Single Transferable Vote. 
    • The population of the state is a factor that decides the representation of states in the Rajya Sabha.
  • Statement 3 is correct, The Rajya Sabha exercises the ability to create new All-India Services under Article 312 by passing a resolution subject to support and voting by two-thirds of members.
Q2. Consider the following statements with regards to Indian government’s commitments to
fight against climate change: (Level – Medium)
  1. A 75-day-long awareness campaign, “Swachh Sagar, Surakshit Sagar” has been launched on July 5.
  2. A mobile app, “Eco Mitram”, has been launched to spread awareness about the campaign and facilitate the registration of volunteers.
  3. Goal 14 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals calls for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas, and marine resources.

Choose the correct code:

  1. 1 & 2 only
  2. 2 & 3 only
  3. 1 & 3 only
  4. All of the above
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: d

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct, A 75-day-long awareness campaign, “Swachh Sagar, Surakshit Sagar” has been launched on July 5 2022.
    • Under this, a massive coastal clean-up drive is undertaken that will cover 75 beaches across the country and there will be 75 volunteers for every kilometre of the coastline as a part of 75 years of Indian Independence.
  • Statement 2 is correct, “Eco Mitram” is a mobile app that has been launched to spread awareness about the campaign and also for the common people for voluntary registration for the beach cleaning activity.
  • Statement 3 is correct, SDG Goal 14 calls for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources. 
    • Target 14.1 seeks to “prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution” by 2025.
Q3. Consider the following statements with regards to India’s Antarctic Expeditions:
(Level – Medium)
  1. India maintains two research stations on the continent: ‘Maitri’ (commissioned in 1989) at Schirmacher Hills and ‘Himadri’ (2012) at Larsemann Hills.
  2. At 14,000,000 square kilometres, Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent.
  3. India had been a signatory to the Antarctica Treaty since 1983.

Choose the correct code:

  1. 1 & 2 only
  2. 2 & 3 only
  3. 1 & 3 only
  4. All of the above
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: b

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is not correct, The Indian Antarctic programme includes three permanent research base stations in Antarctica—named Dakshin Gangotri, Maitri, and Bharati.
    • At present, India has two operational research stations in Antarctica named Maitri (since 1989) on the Schirmacher Oasis and Bharati (commissioned in 2012) in Larsmann Hill.
    • Himadri is India’s first permanent Arctic research station located at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway
  • Statement 2 is correct, Antarctica with an area of 14,200,000 sq. km. is the fifth-largest continent and is nearly twice the size of Australia and larger than Europe.
  • Statement 3 is correct, India had been a signatory to the Antarctica Treaty since 1983.
Q4. Consider the following statements with regards to Insolvency and Bankruptcy code:
(Level – Difficult)
  1. It lays down clear-cut and faster insolvency proceedings to help creditors, such as banks, recover dues and prevent bad loans, a key drag on the economy.
  2. Distressed Corporate Debtors (CDs) are permitted to initiate a PIRP with the approval of half of their creditors to resolve their outstanding debt under the new mechanism.
  3. Unlike in the case of the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP), debtors remain in control of their distressed firm during the PIRP.

Choose the correct code:

  1. 1 & 2 only
  2. 2 & 3 only
  3. 1 & 3 only
  4. All of the above
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: c

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct, Insolvency and Bankruptcy code lays down clear-cut and faster insolvency proceedings to help creditors, such as banks, recover dues and prevent bad loans, a key drag on the economy.
  • Statement 2 is not correct, Distressed Corporate Debtors (CDs) are permitted to initiate a PIRP with the approval of two-thirds of their creditors to resolve their outstanding debt under the new mechanism.
  • Statement 3 is correct, Unlike in the case of the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP), debtors remain in control of their distressed firm during the PIRP.
Q5. Consider the following statements: (Level – Difficult) PYQ (2022)
  1. The Constitution of India classifies the ministers into four ranks viz. Cabinet Minister, Minister of State with Independent Charge, Minister of State and Deputy Minister.
  2. The total number of ministers in the Union Government, including the Prime Minister, shall not exceed 15 percent of the total number of members in the Lok Sabha.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 only
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. Neither 1 nor 2
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: b

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is not correct, the Council of Ministers includes the three categories of ministers, that is, Cabinet Ministers, Ministers of State, and Deputy Ministers.
    • Its size and classification are, however, not mentioned in the Constitution and is based on the conventions of parliamentary government as developed in Britain.
  • Statement 2 is correct, According to the 91st Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003 the total number of ministers, including the Prime Minister in the Central Council of Ministers shall not exceed 15% of the total strength of the Lok Sabha.

I. UPSC Mains Practice Questions

  1. What are the measures taken by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to slow down rupee’s depreciation? (10 Marks, 150 Words) (GS3 – Economy)
  2. Discuss the significance of the UN-backed grain export deal signed by Ukraine, Russia.(10 Marks, 150 Words) (GS2- International Relations)

Read the previous CNA here.

CNA 23 July 2022:- Download PDF Here

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