13 Apr 2024: PIB Summary for UPSC

13 Apr 2024 PIB
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. India Celebrates World Quantum Day 2024
2. Gas-based Power Plants
3. IAF IN OPERATION MEGHDOOT

1.India Celebrates World Quantum Day 2024

Syllabus: GS-3, Science and technology

 

Prelims: World Quantum Day 2024

 

Context: India commemorates World Quantum Day 2024 on April 14, 2024, highlighting its ambition to emerge as a global leader in Quantum Science and Technology. Quantum mechanics, once confined to theoretical realms, has now transitioned into engineering applications, revolutionizing various sectors with its potential.

 

Global Significance of Quantum Technology:

• Quantum mechanics has paved the way for innovations such as LEDs, lasers, and atomic clocks, transforming industries worldwide.
• Quantum Computing, Communications, and Sensing hold immense promise for revolutionizing computing, secure communication, and precise measurements.

India’s Vision for Quantum Leadership:

• It underscores India’s commitment to harnessing quantum technology’s potential for economic growth and national security.
• The National Quantum Mission (NQM) aims to propel India to the forefront of Quantum Technology through strategic investments and R&D initiatives.

National Quantum Mission (NQM):

• Approved by the Cabinet with a budget of Rs 6003.65 Crore, NQM seeks to nurture a vibrant ecosystem for Quantum Technology development.
• Implemented by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), NQM focuses on establishing thematic hubs and fostering collaboration between academia, R&D labs, startups, and industry.

Thematic Hubs and Collaborative Efforts:

• NQM plans to establish four thematic hubs covering Quantum Computing, Communication, Sensing, and Materials & Devices.

Geopolitical Implications and Security Concerns:

• It highlights the economic and geopolitical significance of quantum technology, stressing its role in securing critical infrastructure.
• Quantum cryptography and encryption are essential for protecting sensitive data and institutions from cyber threats.

Research and Development Focus:

• It underscores India’s progress in Quantum Communications and its aspirations to establish nationwide quantum communication networks.
• The NQM aims to drive research and innovation in Quantum Computing hardware and software, positioning India as a key player in the global quantum landscape.

2.Gas-based Power Plants

Syllabus: GS-3, Economy

 

Prelims: Gas-based Power Plants

 

Context: The Government of India has undertaken measures to ensure the operationalization of gas-based power plants in order to meet the heightened electricity demand anticipated during the summer season.

 

Section 11 Directions to Gas-Based Generating Stations:

• The government issued Section 11 Directions to Gas-Based Generating Stations, similar to those for imported-coal-based power plants, to optimize power generation during the high-demand period.
• A significant portion of Gas-Based Generating Stations remains underutilized due to commercial considerations, prompting the government’s intervention.

Operational Framework:

• GRID-INDIA will inform Gas-Based Generating Stations in advance of the days when gas-based power is required.
• Gas-Based Generating Stations with Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) will prioritize offering power to PPA holders, followed by offering surplus power in the market.
• A high-level committee chaired by the Central Electricity Authority will oversee the implementation of these directives.

Comprehensive Approach:

• The decision aligns with the government’s broader strategy to ensure adequate power availability during peak demand periods, reflecting the importance placed on energy security.
• Ministerial meetings emphasized the necessity of sufficient power supply to meet increased load during hot weather.

Additional Measures:

• Planned maintenance of power plants will be deferred to the monsoon season.
• Accelerated capacity additions, reduction in partial outages of thermal plants, and utilization of surplus power from captive generating stations and energy exchange are among the strategies employed.
• Imported-coal-based power plants have also been directed to maximize capacity utilization.

Anticipation of Rising Demand:

• India’s electricity demand has been steadily increasing, particularly during hot weather periods, driven by economic growth.
• The Indian Meteorological Department’s prediction of above-normal temperatures underscores the urgency of proactive measures to meet anticipated demand.

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3.IAF IN OPERATION MEGHDOOT

Syllabus: GS-3, Security 

 

Prelims: OPERATION MEGHDOOT

 

Context: Operation Meghdoot, launched on 13 April 1984, marked a significant milestone in India’s military history as the Indian Army and Indian Air Force (IAF) secured strategic heights on the Siachen glacier, a region of immense strategic importance.

 

Strategic Context:

• Pakistan’s cartographic aggression and attempts to legitimize its claim on Siachen raised concerns, prompting India to take proactive measures.
• Operation Meghdoot aimed to thwart Pakistan’s efforts and establish Indian military dominance in the region.

IAF’s Role in Operation:

• IAF played a crucial role in the operation, airlifting Indian Army soldiers and transporting supplies to high altitude airfields.
• Initially, transport and helicopter aircraft were used, followed by the deployment of fighter aircraft to maintain air superiority.

Evolution of IAF’s Presence:

• From transport and helicopter operations, IAF gradually expanded its role to include fighter aircraft operations.
• Fighter sweeps and simulated strikes over the glacier boosted morale and deterred adversary misadventures.
• Later, live armament sorties and induction of specialized helicopters like Cheetal further enhanced IAF’s capabilities.

Modernization and Adaptation:

• The IAF continuously modernized and adapted to the challenging terrain, deploying advanced aircraft like Rafale, Su-30MKI, Chinook, and Apache.
• The landing of Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules at Daulat Beg Oldie showcased IAF’s capability and reach.

IAF’s Lifeline in Extreme Conditions:

• IAF helicopters serve as the lifeline for Indian troops in the highest battlefield, providing essential logistics and evacuating the sick and wounded.
• Despite extreme climatic conditions, IAF personnel demonstrate remarkable endurance, flying skills, and technical proficiency.

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