Cholera is an acute,water-borne disease caused by the bacterium ‘Vibrio Cholerae’.
It is an infectious disease that can cause severe diarrhea and dehydration, followed by death if it remains unnoticed. It enters the human body through food and water.
The vehicle of transmission of bacteria is faecally contaminated water. Sources of the disease include contaminated food and water, seafood taken from contaminated water, fruits, and vegetables that are grown using fertilizers and irrigated with water containing human waste.
There are varied symptoms of cholera from severe diarrhea, vomiting, muscle cramps, decreased skin elasticity, and dehydration.
To contain the disease, proper measures need to be taken to ensure the safe supply of water, proper sanitation to reduce the risk of transmission, correct human waste disposal mechanisms, and food safety.
Cholera is diagnosed by testing the stool to detect the bacteria.
Cholera vaccines are effective for a period of six months. They provide additional protection against E.coli.
In most cases, cholera is treated with effective Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORS).
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