Gregor Johann Mendel is known as a “Father of modern genetics” for his pioneering work in the field of genetics. He gave three laws of inheritance, viz. Law of dominance, Law of segregation and Law of independent assortment. He conducted his experiment on garden pea plants having contrasting characteristics. He performed self-pollination and cross-pollination to understand the inheritance patterns of traits.
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1. After cross-fertilization of true-breeding tall and dwarf plants, the F1 generation was self-fertilized. The resultant plants have genotype in the ratio
(a) 1:2:1 (homozygous tall : heterozygous tall : dwarf)
(b) 1:2:1 (heterozygous tall : homozygous tall : dwarf)
(c) 3:1 (tall : dwarf)
(d) 3:1 (dwarf : tall)
Answer: (a)
2. Which of the following characteristics of pea plants was not used by Mendel in his experiments?
(a) seed colour
(b) seed shape
(c) pod length
(d) flower position
Answer: (c)
3. Mendel took _______ contrasting characteristics of pea plants.
(a) eight
(b) seven
(c) six
(d) five
Answer: (b)
4. If both genotype and phenotype shows the same ratios of 1:2:1 in the F2 generation, it shows
(a) incomplete dominance in monohybrid cross
(b) complete dominance in monohybrid cross
(c) dihybrid cross
(d) co-dominance
Answer: (a)
5. Test cross determines
(a) whether two traits are linked or not
(b) the genotype of F2 plant
(c) whether the two species will breed successfully or not
(d) number of alleles in a gene
Answer: (b)
6. Genotype of dominant plant can be determined by
(a) pedigree analysis
(b) back cross
(c) test cross
(d) dihybrid cross
Answer: (c)
7. Test cross is a
(a) cross between two recessive homozygotes
(b) cross between dominant homozygote and heterozygote
(c) cross between two F1 hybrids
(d) cross between an F1 hybrid and recessive homozygote
Answer: (d)
8. Lack of independent assortment of two genes is due to
(a) recombination
(b) crossing over
(c) linkage
(d) repulsion
Answer: (c)
9. The cross where the sources of gametes are reversed is called
(a) reciprocal cross
(b) reverse cross
(c) dihybrid cross
(d) test cross
Answer: (a)
10. The genes for the seven characters chosen by Mendel are located on
(a) four chromosomes
(b) five chromosomes
(c) six chromosomes
(d) seven chromosomes
Answer: (a)
These were some MCQs on Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance. Learn MCQs on related topics for NEET, at BYJU’S.
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