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Name the reaction which is commonly used in the conversion of vegetable oils to fats. Explain the reaction involved in detail.

Answer: Hydrogenation is defined as the reaction between molecular hydrogen and an organic or inorganic substrate. Hydrogenation reactions are... View Article

What is a functional group? Give examples of four different functional groups.

Answer: Functional Groups are a particular grouping of components in which the distinctive chemical reactions of these molecules are accountable.... View Article

Give the structural differences between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with two examples each.

Answer: Organic chemical compounds that are made of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) elements are known as hydrocarbons. In hydrocarbons, carbon atoms... View Article

A salt X is formed and a gas is evolved when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate. Name the salt X and the gas evolved. Describe an activity and draw the diagram of the apparatus to prove that the evolved gas is the one which you have named. Also, write a chemical equation of the reaction involved.

Answer: X = CH3COONa The gas evolved = CO2 When ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate with the production of sodium ethanoate and... View Article

What is the role of metal or reagents written on arrows in the given chemical reactions?

Answer: In Chemistry, catalysts are defined as those substances which alter the rate of reaction by changing the path of reaction. Most of the... View Article

Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain multiple bonds between the two C-atoms and show addition reactions. Give the test to distinguish ethane from ethene.

Answer: A Saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which all the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are organic... View Article

Catenation is the ability of an atom to form bonds with other atoms of the same element. It is exhibited by both carbon and silicon. Compare the ability of catenation of the two elements. Give reasons.

Answer: Catenation can be defined as the self-linking of atoms of an element to form chains and rings. This definition can be extended to include... View Article

In electron dot structure, the valence shell electrons are represented by crosses or dots. (a) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. Write its electronic configuration (b) Draw the electron dot structure of chlorine molecule

Answer: Electron dot structures or Lewis dot formula can be drawn if the molecular formula of the compound is known. it defines the nature of the... View Article

Carbon, Group (14) element in the Periodic Table, is known to form compounds with many elements. Write an example of a compound formed with (a) chlorine (Group 17 of Periodic Table) (b) oxygen (Group 16 of Periodic Table)

Answer: Carbon is very reactive. It forms a huge number of compounds with many other elements. Compounds containing carbon outnumber the... View Article

Ethene is formed when ethanol at 443 K is heated with excess of concentrated sulphuric acid. What is the role of sulphuric acid in this reaction? Write the balanced chemical equation of this reaction.

Answer: In the formation of ethene, sulphuric acid functions as a catalyst and a dehydrating agent. When ethanol is heated to 443K in the... View Article

A gas is evolved when ethanol reacts with sodium. Name the gas evolved and also write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction involved.

Answer: When ethanol reacts with sodium it gives Sodium ethoxide with the liberation of hydrogen gas. 2CH₃ - CH₂ - OH +2Na → 2CH₃ - CH₂ -... View Article

Intake of a small quantity of methanol can be lethal. Comment.

Answer: In the liver, methanol is converted to methane. Methanal reacts quickly with cell functions. The protoplasm coagulates as a result of... View Article

How is ethene prepared from ethanol? Give the reaction involved in it.

Answer: Ethanol is heated at 443k along with excess Sulphuric acid to obtain Ethene. CH3-CH2OH → CH2= CH2 + H2O Ethanol + H2SO4 →... View Article

Name the functional groups present in the following compounds (a) CH3COCH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 (b) CH3CH2CH2COOH (c) CH3CH2 CH2 CH2 CHO (d) CH3CH2OH

Answer: (a) CH3COCH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 Functional group - Ketone (b) CH3CH2CH2COOH Functional group - Carboxylic acid (c) CH3CH2 CH2 CH2 CHO Functional... View Article

Why detergents are better cleansing agents than soaps? Explain.

Answer: Because detergents contain ammonium or sulphonate salts of long-chain carboxylic acids, they are better than soaps. With calcium and... View Article

A compound X is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid C2H4O2 and an alcohol in the presence of a few drops of H2SO4. The alcohol on oxidation with alkaline KMnO4 followed by acidification gives the same carboxylic acid as used in this reaction. Give the names and structures of (a) carboxylic acid, (b) alcohol and (c) the compound X. Also write the reaction.

Answer: Carboxylic acid is ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) Alcohol is ethanol (CH3CH2OH) X is ethyl ethanoate (CH3COOCH2CH3)... View Article

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