Chite Lui River [UPSC Notes]

Mizoram’s Chite Lui River is facing many issues such as pollution and degradation due to unplanned construction, waste disposal, and encroachments, and requires urgent preservation efforts. In this article, you can learn more about the Chite Lui River, the problems it is facing today and efforts to conserve it. This topic is very important for the IAS exam environment and ecology segment.

Chite Lui River

• The Chite Lui River is located in an alluvial valley, with an altitude of about 1,000 metres.
• The origin of the river is the Bawngkawn range in north Aizawl, Mizoram.
• The river runs for approximately 20 km in length before merging with the River Tuirial.
• The river is an integral part of the lives and culture of the people of Mizoram which is also reflected through the songs and stories dedicated to its significance.

Chite Lui River Pollution

Factors Contributing to the Pollution of the Chite Lui River:

1. Unplanned and Illegal Urbanisation: Rapid urban growth in Aizawl has led to unplanned construction and encroachments which has restricted the flow and path of the river.
2. Encroachment and Deforestation: Houses, shops, garages, and eateries have encroached upon the river, leading to the loss of natural vegetation and soil erosion.
3. Waste Disposal Pollution: The river faces pollution as it becomes a dumping ground for various types of waste from the urban population. Untreated waste is dumped in the river by nearby businesses, including vehicle washing and drainage of dirty water into the river.

Concerns:

1. Impact on Aquatic Life and Biodiversity: Pollution negatively affects the river’s aquatic life, biodiversity, and overall health.
2. Health Concerns: The polluted state of the river poses health risks to those who rely on it for various purposes.
3. Livelihoods Affected: People who live on the banks of the river and depend on it, are affected.

Citizens’ efforts to save the river:

• Zoram Research Foundation initiated a campaign in 2007 to raise awareness and mobilise support.
• Local residents and volunteers actively participate in periodic campaigns to clean the river banks.
• Plastic waste, comprising approximately 80% of the waste retrieved, has been a major focus. The construction of a plastic road using retrieved polythene waste in Reiek village is a notable achievement.
• Retired bureaucrat Lalnunmawia Chuaungo initiated the Save Mizo Rivers campaign.

Way forward:

• More efforts are required to create awareness among the public about the importance of the river.
• Proactive measures are needed to demonstrate greater seriousness. 
• Solid waste management to prevent further pollution.

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