A new fernarium has been set up and will be opened to the public in the Eravikulam National Park of Munnar, Kerala. The climatic conditions in this national park are suitable for the growth of ferns. This initiative aims to make visitors aware of the biodiversity of the park. In this article, you can learn more about Eravikulam National Park and its flora and fauna for the IAS exam environment and ecology segment.
Eravikulam National Park
Image source: Researchgate
- It is a national park located along the Western Ghats in Kerala at 7000 ft. above sea level.
- It was declared a National Park in 1978.
- It is known for the following:
- Anamudi, the highest peak in south India is located here.
- Nilgiri tahr:
- It is an endangered mountain ungulate endemic to the southern part of the Western Ghats.
- Half of the world’s population of the Nilgiri Tahr lives here.
- It is also the state animal of Tamil Nadu.
- Neelakurinji flowers, which blossom once in 12 years. Read more on Neelakurinji flowers in the link.
- The Atlas Moth, one of the largest species, in the world is seen in this park.
- It is known as one of the wettest areas in the world due to rainfall during the southwest and retreating monsoon seasons.
- The Anamudi Hills are located on the southern side of the park.
- The park has rolling grassland and high-altitude Sholas.
- Rivers: The park includes catchment areas for both east (tributaries of River Pambar) and west (tributaries of River Periyar and Chalakkudy) flowing rivers.
What is a Fernarium?
A fernarium is a specialized botanical garden or greenhouse that focuses on growing and showcasing a variety of fern species.
- Ferns are part of the Epiphytic family.
- Ferns are a type of non-flowering plants that reproduce via spores.
- They grow naturally in a soilless condition and obtain water and nutrients through leaching from trees.
- They are considered ecological indicators of thriving forests.
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