16 Jan 2023: UPSC Exam Comprehensive News Analysis

CNA 16 Jan 2023:- Download PDF Here

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. GS 1 Related
B. GS 2 Related
GOVERNANCE
1. Capital Investment Scheme
POLITY
1. Anti-Kamatapur Movement
C. GS 3 Related
D. GS 4 Related
E. Editorials
POLITY AND GOVERNANCE
1. Google vs Competition Commission of India
SECURITY
1. India arms civilians in border villages
F. Prelims Facts
1. Cold wave in North India
G. Tidbits
1. Annual Inequality Report
2. Miss Universe 2022
H. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions
I. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
FIP Magazine

G. Tidbits

1. Annual Inequality Report

  • Oxfam International recently released the India supplement of its annual inequality report titled ‘Survival of the Richest’. 

Key Findings of the report:

  • As per the report, the richest one percent in India now own more than 40 per cent of the country’s total wealth, while the bottom half of the population together share just 3 percent of wealth.
  • Taxing India’s ten-richest at 5 percent or top 100 at 2.5% can fetch entire money to bring children back to school. 
  • If India’s billionaires are taxed once at 2% on their entire wealth, it would support the requirement of ₹40,423 crore for the nutrition of malnourished in the country for the next three years.
  • On gender inequality, the report said that female workers earned only 63 paise for every 1 rupee a male worker earned.
  • Workers belonging to Scheduled Castes earned 55% of what the advantaged social groups earned, and the rural workers earned only half of the urban earnings between 2018 and 2019.
  • Billionaires in India have seen their wealth surge by 121% or ₹3,608 crore per day in real terms since the beginning of Covid 19 pandemic.
    • The  total number of billionaires in India increased from 102 in 2020 to 166 in 2022.
  • Approximately 64% of the total ₹14.83 lakh crore in Goods and Services Tax (GST) came from the bottom 50% of the population in 2021-22, with only 3% of GST coming from the top 10%.

2. Miss Universe 2022

  • R’Bonney Gabriel of the United States was crowned Miss Universe 2022.
  • It is the 71st edition of the pageant. 
  • Venezuela’s Amanda Dudamel got up as first runner-up, and the Dominican Republic’s Andreina Martinez came in for second place.
  • India’s Divita Rai, who made it to the top 16, missed out on the beauty pageant. 
  • Harnaaz Kaur Sandhu of India was crowned as Miss Universe 2021. 
    • Only two Indians before Ms. Sandhu had won the title of Miss Universe— actors Sushmita Sen in 1994 and Lara Dutta in 2000.

H. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions

Q1. Which of the following lies along the Pacific 'Ring of Fire'? (Level-Difficult)
  1. Comoros
  2. Guatemala
  3. Peru
  4. Solomon Islands
  5. Tonga Islands

Options:

  1.  2 and 5 only
  2. 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
  3. 1, 3 and 4 only
  4. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: b

Explanation:

  • The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterised by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. The majority of Earth’s volcanoes and earthquakes take place along the Ring of Fire.
  • Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, United States, Canada, Russia, Japan, Philippines, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, New Zealand, and Antarctica are some of the important places located in the ring of the fire.
  • The Comoro Islands are located in the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean to the north-west of Madagascar.
Q2. Consider the following statements with respect to MV Ganga Vilas:(Level-Difficult)
  1. MV Ganga Vilas is the first indigenously made cruise vessel to be made in India.
  2. The MV Ganga Vilas vessel is 62 metres in length and 12 metres in width.
  3. The ship is equipped with pollution-free mechanisms and noise control technologies.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: d

Explanation:

  • MV Ganga Vilas is the first indigenously made cruise vessel to be made in India. The cruise has three decks, 18 suites on board with a capacity of 36 tourists, with all the modern amenities.
  • MV Ganga Vilas vessel is 62 metres in length, and 12 metres in width and comfortably sails with a draft of 1.4 metres. 
  • The ship follows sustainable principles at its core as it is equipped with pollution-free mechanisms and noise control technologies.
  • The cruise will be managed by private operators, the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), under which the Ministry of Shipping, Ports and Waterways (MoPSW) has supported the project.
  • It will explore forty historic sites on the banks of the river Ganga including, Mahabodhi temple, Hazarduari Palace, Katra Masjid, Bodh Gaya, Chandanagar church, Char Bangla Temple and more.
Q3. With respect to Brasilia Declaration, which of the following statements is/are 
correct? (Level-Medium)
  1. It aims for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by cutting their production and consumption.
  2. In 2015, India became a signatory of the Brasilia Declaration

Options:

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 only
  3. Both
  4. None
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: b

Explanation:

  • Statement 01 is incorrect,  The Brasilia Declaration was adopted at the second global high-level conference on road safety held in Brazil in 2015. It lays down recommendations on strengthening existing legislation, adopting sustainable transport, strengthening the post-crash response, etc. India is a signatory to the Brasilia Declaration.
    • The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol aims for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by cutting their production and consumption.
  • Statement 02 is correct, India signed the Brasilia Declaration at the 2nd High Level Global Conference on Traffic Safety in 2015.
Q4. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (Level-Difficult)
  1. The family of Nizams in India is descended from Abid Khan, a Persian from Samarkand in Uzbekistan
  2. Hyderabad was the first princely state to come under British paramountcy signing a subsidiary alliance agreement.
  3. Mukarram Jah was the Nizam of Hyderabad at the time of Operation Polo

Options:

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 only
  3. 1 and 2 only
  4. 2 and 3 only
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: c

Explanation:

  • Statement 01 is correct, Khaja Abid, grandfather of the first Nizam, was born in Aliabad near Samarkand in the kingdom of Bukhara in Uzbekistan. In 1655 he visited India for the first time while on his way to Mecca and presented himself at the imperial court of the Mughals.
  • Statement 02 is correct, The Nawab of Awadh was the first ruler to enter into the subsidiary alliance with the British after the Battle of Buxar. However, the Nizam of Hyderabad was the first to accept a well-framed subsidiary alliance.
      • On 1 September 1798, the Nizam of Hyderabad, Nizam Ali Khan (Asaf Jah II) entered into a subsidiary alliance with the English East India Company, thus making Hyderabad the first princely state to officially become a British protectorate.
  • Statement 03 is incorrect, Osman Ali Khan Asaf Jah VII was the Nizam of the princely state of Hyderabad at the time of Operation Polo.
Q5. Consider the following pairs: (CSE-PYQ-2022) (Level-Difficult)

          Wetland/Lake:                             Location

  1. Hokera Wetland                              Punjab
  2. Renuka Wetland                              Himachal Pradesh
  3. Rudrasagar Lake                             Tripura
  4. Sasthamkotta                                    Tamil Nadu

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?

  1. Only one pair
  2. Only two pairs
  3. Only three pairs
  4. All four pairs
CHECK ANSWERS:-

Answer: b

Explanation:

  • The Hokersar is a wetland conservation area in Zainakote, near Srinagar city in the Kashmir Valley. It is the largest bird reserve in the Kashmir Valley.
  • Renuka lake is the largest lake in Himachal Pradesh. This lake was named after the goddess Renuka and is designated as Ramsar site since November 2005.
  • Rudrasagar Lake, also known as Rudijala, is a lake located in Melaghar, Tripura.
    • The lake is designated as a Ramsar site. A lowland sedimentation reservoir in the northeast hills, fed by three perennial streams discharging to the River Gomti.
  • Sasthamkotta is the largest freshwater lake in Kerala.

CNA 16 Jan 2023:- Download PDF Here

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