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What Is the Difference between Court and Administrative Tribunal?

The difference between court and administrative tribunal are as follows:

Court

Administrative Tribunal

A court of law is a part of the traditional judicial system.

The administrative tribunal is an agency created by a statute endowed with judicial powers.

A court of law is vested with general jurisdiction over all matters.

It deals with service matters and is vested with limited jurisdiction to decide a particular issue.

The courts follow a uniform, fixed statutory procedure. 

There is no uniform procedure that the administrative tribunals are required to follow to exercise adjudicatory powers. 

The court exercises only judicial functions. 

Administrative tribunals undertake various other administrative functions.

All courts are tribunals, but all tribunals are not courts. 

Tribunal is wider than court.

It can decide the validity of legislation. 

It cannot decide the validity of legislation.

The courts do not follow investigatory or inquisition functions, rather it decides the case on the basis of evidence.

Many tribunals perform investigatory functions as well, along with their quasi-judicial functions. 

The decision of the court is objective in nature, primarily based on the evidence and materials produced before the court.

The decision is subjective, i.e. at times, it may decide the matters taking into account the policy and expediency.

It is presided over by an officer expert in the law.

It is not mandatory in every case that the members need to be trained and experts in the law. 

Further Reading:

To read more about the Tribunals in India, check the linked article. 

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