Flashcards for NEET Biology are designed to boost your NEET preparation. Find below flashcards for Microbes in Human Welfare. These flashcards on Microbes in Human Welfare are prepared as per the NEET syllabus. This is helpful for aspirants of NEET and other exams during last-minute revision. Flashcards For NEET Biology – Microbes in Human Welfare, covers all the important points that are frequently asked in the exam. Check BYJU’S for the full set of Flashcards and Study material for NEET Biology. Solve NEET Biology MCQs to check your understanding and outperform in the exam.
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| Name of the NEET sub-section | Topic | Flashcards helpful for |
| Biology | Microbes in Human Welfare | NEET exams |
| Microbes in Human Welfare | |
| Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) | Gram-positive bacteria
Convert milk to curd Increase vitamin B12 content E.g. Lactobacillus |
| Penicillin | An antibiotic produced by Penicillium notatum (mould)
Discovered by Alexander Fleming Ernst Chain and Howard Florey identified the full potential as an antibiotic and awarded with Nobel prize in 1945 with Fleming |
| Organic compounds produced by microbes | Citric acid- Aspergillus niger
Acetic acid- Acetobacter aceti Butyric acid- Clostridium butylicum Ethanol- Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) |
| Enzymes produced by microbes | Lipases- used to remove stains
Pectinases and proteases- for clearing bottled juices Streptokinase- ‘clot buster’ for removing clots in blood vessels |
| Cyclosporin A | Produced by- Trichoderma polysporum (fungus)
Usage- as an immunosuppressant during organ-transplant |
| Statins | Produced by- Monascus purpureus (yeast)
Usage- blood-cholesterol lowering agent, inhibits cholesterol synthesis |
| Biological treatment in STPs | Secondary treatment
The primary effluent is treated first by aerobic microbes and then the activated sludge is treated by anaerobic bacteria Biogas is produced and effluent is released into water bodies |
| Biogas | A mixture of methane and other gases used as a fuel
Produced by- Methanogens (anaerobic bacteria) Present in the rumen of cattle Cattle dung is used to produce biogas |
| Biological control agents | Ladybird beetle to control aphids
Dragonflies to control mosquitoes Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to control butterfly caterpillars Trichoderma (fungus) to control plant pathogens Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Baculoviruses) to control insects |
| Bacteria as biofertilisers | Symbiotic bacteria- Rhizobium
Free-living bacteria- Azospirillum, Azotobacter Increase nitrogen content of the soil |
| Mycorrhiza | A symbiotic association of fungi with plants
Fungi absorb phosphorus from soil Glomus is a genus of mycorrhizal fungi present in plant roots |
| Cyanobacteria as biofertilisers | Fix atmospheric nitrogen
Extensively used in paddy fields E.g. Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria, etc. |
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