Gist of Yojana February 2024: Artificial Intelligence

Yojana Magazine is an important source of material for the UPSC exam. The monthly magazine provides details of major government schemes and programmes in various domains. Moreover, coming from the government, it is an authentic source of information for the UPSC Exam. Here, we provide the Gist of Yojana, exclusively for the IAS Exam.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. India's Vision for Harnessing AI for Global Good
2. AI in Indian Governance and Public Services
3. Unlocking the Potential and Challenges of Generative AI
4. Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Media
5. Cyber Security Challenges in the Era of AI

1. India’s Vision for Harnessing AI for Global Good

Introduction:

• India’s comprehensive mission ‘IndiaAI’ is pivotal in the transformative journey of Digital India, actively shaping the role of AI.
• The vision encompasses supporting AI startups and developing practical applications addressing real-world challenges across various sectors.

Rapid Evolution of AI:

• AI has evolved from a theoretical concept to a tangible, life-transforming phenomenon, featuring generative AI, expansive language models, and multi-billion-parameter models.
• India recognizes AI as a kinetic enabler for its rapidly growing digital economy.

Shift in AI Landscape:

• Breakthroughs in AI have become more frequent with advancements in GPU technology, increased computing power, and significant investments by tech giants.
• India officially enters the AI age characterized by rapid and exponential progress.

India’s Approach to AI Governance:

• India advocates for clear guidelines addressing bias and misuse during model training instead of regulating AI at specific developmental stages.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi emphasizes India’s commitment to leveraging AI for the welfare of people and ensuring its safety and trustworthiness.

Global Partnership on AI (GPAI) Summit 2023:

• Hosted by India, the GPAI Summit 2023 focused on bridging the gap between AI theory and practice, fostering collaboration among nations.
• India emphasized inclusive technology, collaborative AI, and safe & trusted AI as key pillars of the summit.

India Techade Vision:

• India Techade envisions making India the fastest-growing innovation economy with technology as a catalyst.
• Digital India policies have created a vibrant digital economy, fostering over a lakh startups and 108+ unicorns.

IndiaAI Mission:

• IndiaAI supports the AI startup ecosystem and develops practical applications for sectors like healthcare, agriculture, language translation, and governance.
• The mission focuses on AI research, infrastructure development, and talent cultivation.

Global Governance Framework:

• India advocates for a global governance framework addressing the safety and trust of AI, emphasizing inclusive technology and ethical AI use.
• India’s approach involves setting principles and guidelines for platforms to ensure responsible AI use.

Conclusion:

• India’s vision for harnessing AI for global good encompasses fostering innovation, ensuring AI safety and trustworthiness, and promoting collaboration among nations.
• Through initiatives like IndiaAI and hosting events like the GPAI Summit 2023, India is positioned to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of AI on the global stage.

2. AI in Indian Governance and Public Services

Introduction:

• Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained significant attention due to recent advancements like Generative AI (GenAI) and the launch of ChatGPT by OpenAI.
• India’s robust digital transformation initiatives under the ‘Digital India’ programme have laid the groundwork for leveraging AI in governance and public service delivery.

India’s Strategic Position:

• India’s strategic initiatives like the India Stack projects have positioned it to effectively incorporate AI into governance for efficiency and innovation.
• Reports suggest that AI, particularly GenAI, could contribute up to 1.5 trillion dollars to India’s GDP by 2030.

Government’s Approach:

• The Government of India prioritizes inclusive adoption of AI, focusing on productivity gains, citizen engagement, and public trust.
• The National Programme on Artificial Intelligence (NPAI) comprises key interventions like the National Data Management Office (NDMO), National Centre on AI (NCAI), Skilling for AI, and Responsible AI.

Integration of AI in Public Services:

• AI integration enhances efficiency, decision-making, and citizen engagement across sectors like education, healthcare, agriculture, and urban governance.
• Initiatives like UMANG, Digi Yatra, and Digital India Bhashini demonstrate AI’s transformative impact on citizen services and accessibility.

Key Government Initiatives:

• UMANG offers a unified platform for accessing e-government services, enhanced with a voice-based chatbot for inclusivity.
• DigiYatra revolutionizes the air travel experience through biometric-based boarding, enhancing security and efficiency.
• Digital India Bhashini promotes multilingualism and accessibility through AI-driven language translation.
• Initiatives like image recognition in urban governance and AI-based pest management in agriculture showcase AI’s role in infrastructure monitoring and crop yield improvement.

Applications in Healthcare and Agriculture:

• AI applications like DRDO’s ATMAN AI and AI-based pest management systems demonstrate AI’s role in healthcare diagnosis and agriculture yield enhancement.
• AI-driven attendance monitoring systems like Shiksha Setu improve transparency and efficiency in education.

Ethical Considerations and Legislation:

• India focuses on establishing ethical frameworks and legislation to safeguard against AI misuse and ensure responsible deployment.
• Initiatives like the Digital Personal Data Protection Act and National Data Governance Policy aim to protect citizen privacy and enhance data governance.

Global Leadership and Collaboration:

• India aims to lead global efforts on AI cooperation, promoting inclusive governance frameworks aligned with Prime Minister Modi’s directive.
• India’s leadership role in global forums like GPAI reflects its commitment to promoting trustworthy AI for the benefit of all.

Conclusion:

• India’s strategic integration of AI in governance and public services demonstrates its commitment to leveraging technology for inclusive socio-economic development.
• With a multi-stakeholder approach and a focus on ethical considerations, India is poised to lead global efforts in promoting responsible AI for the benefit of humanity.

3. Unlocking the Potential and Challenges of Generative AI

Introduction to Generative AI:

• Generative AI, a subset of deep learning, produces various content types like text, imagery, and audio.
• Its applications include special-purpose chatbots, aiding governments in providing information on schemes and policies.

Impact and Adoption of Generative AI:

• Generative AI, exemplified by OpenAI’s ChatGPT, has gained widespread attention and adoption in various sectors.
• Market projections indicate exponential growth, doubling every two years in the coming decade.

Understanding Generative AI and its Applications:

• Generative AI utilizes supervised learning methods on labelled data, making it capable of tasks like brainstorming, reading, summarizing, and customer service.
• Examples include writing press releases, summarizing emails, and assisting with customer inquiries through chatbots.

Concerns Surrounding Generative AI:

• Challenges include gender bias, job displacement fears, misinformation dissemination, plagiarism, and lack of transparency and user explainability.
• Responsible AI implementation focuses on fairness, transparency, privacy, security, and ethical data use.

Frameworks for Responsible AI:

• Governments and organizations are publishing frameworks for responsible AI, such as NITI Aayog’s “Responsible AI for All.”
• Building a culture of discussion and brainstorming helps identify and mitigate potential ethical issues.

Potential of Generative AI:

• Despite challenges, Generative AI holds the potential to provide intelligent guidance on global issues like climate change and pandemics.
• Responsible use of AI can contribute to longer, healthier, and more fulfilling lives worldwide.

Conclusion:

• Generative AI offers significant potential but also poses challenges related to ethics, bias, and transparency.
• Responsible implementation and continuous dialogue are essential to harness its benefits while mitigating risks, ultimately contributing to societal well-being.

4. Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Media

Introduction to AI Journalism:

• AI journalism, driven by algorithms and machine learning, automates news generation and data analysis, revolutionizing media houses.
• Despite concerns, AI has become a powerful tool for fact-checking and cross-verifying large volumes of data in real-time.

Evolution of Media in Society:

• Traditional media’s role in informing, educating, and entertaining society has evolved alongside technological advancements.
• Various media of content generation and dissemination have emerged, reducing the distance between creators and consumers.

Pros and Cons of Digital Platforms:

• Digital platforms have facilitated immediate access to information but lack traditional processes of curation, editing, and publishing.
• AI-driven algorithms prioritize interactivity and visual appeal, leading to personalized content delivery based on user data.

Role of AI in Journalism and Content Creation:

• AI-powered data labelling and annotation enhance the reliability and accessibility of news content.
• Data journalism, algorithm journalism, and automated journalism are reshaping news production and dissemination.

Impact Across Media Industries:

• AI tools are revolutionizing music arrangement, book publishing, digital storytelling, and visual arts.
• Concerns persist regarding content verification, contextual accuracy, linguistic nuances, and privacy implications.

Challenges and Future Outlook:

• Deepfakes, misinformation, and ethical dilemmas pose challenges for AI-driven media.
• Despite uncertainties, AI’s influence on human existence is undeniable, signalling the era of synthetic media and enriched user experiences.

Conclusion:

• The convergence of AI and media signifies a paradigm shift towards synthetic experiences.
• While challenges remain, embracing AI-driven innovation promises to reshape media consumption and production for producers and consumers alike.

5. Cyber Security Challenges in the Era of AI

Understanding the Landscape:

• India’s rapid digital growth exposes vulnerabilities, leading to over 1 billion cyberattacks in 2023.
• The integration of AI in cyber security offers automation for threat detection but also introduces new risks, including deepfake creation and automated malware development.

Unique Challenges for India:

• India faces challenges such as a large digital divide, fragmented cybersecurity infrastructure, data privacy concerns, and a shortage of cybersecurity professionals.

Addressing the Challenges:

• A multi-pronged approach is needed, including building a robust cyber security ecosystem, investing in AI-powered solutions, promoting digital literacy, and developing a strong legal framework.
• Focus areas for AI integration include threat detection and response, vulnerability management, fraud prevention, and cybercrime investigation.

Call to Action:

• Collaboration among government, private sector, academia, and civil society is crucial to building a secure cyber environment.
• Responsible AI development, transparency, and international cooperation are essential for combating cyber threats effectively.

Additional Considerations:

• Ethical implications of AI in cyber security require careful consideration, including transparency, accountability, and human oversight.
• Continuous research and development are necessary to stay ahead of evolving cyber threats and develop innovative solutions.

Conclusion:

• By addressing vulnerabilities and leveraging AI capabilities responsibly, India can ensure a secure digital future for its citizens and contribute to global cyber security readiness.