About Types of Graphs in Math
What are Graphs?
Information we gather to study as well as analyze is called data. There are different types of data such as raw data, grouped data and ungrouped data. The representation of these datasets in a pictorial form for ease of analysis is called a graph.
To draw a graph we use the Cartesian plane, in which both the axes (x-axis and y-axis)are used for two different datasets.
Types of Graphs
There are mainly three types of graphs:
- Line Graph
- Bar Graph
- Histogram
1. Line Graph:
A graph that uses points and lines to represent the relationship between two datasets is called a line graph. The points are obtained by the provided data and joining these points gives us a line graph. This is basically used to represent the changes of one dataset with respect to another.
For example, the number of sleep hours every day of a week can be shown on a line graph.
2. Bar Graph:
A pictorial representation of grouped data with the use of vertical or horizontal rectangular bars, where these bars have a relation with other axes is called a bar graph. Mostly, the horizontal axis represents categories, and the vertical axis represents the quantity. For example, the favorite subjects of grade 8 students can be represented in a bar graph.
3. Histogram:
A histogram is used to represent the relation between continuous grouped data and their quantities. One axis represents the connected rectangular bars and the second represents the quantity. The collected grouped data is called a class interval and the quantity of data is called frequency.
Solve Examples
Example 1: Draw a line graph based on the given data.
Solution:
Example 2: 30 employees of a company were surveyed to know their primary mode of transportation to get to office everyday. The results of the survey were recorded in the table as shown. Draw a graph to represent this data.
Solution:
Example 3: Draw a graph for the given datasets.
Class Interval | Frequency |
|---|---|
10-15 | 5 |
15-30 | 10 |
30-45 | 15 |
45-60 | 18 |
60-75 | 29 |
75-90 | 30 |
90-105 | 22 |
105-120 | 17 |
120-135 | 9 |
135-150 | 9 |
Solution:
Bar graphs are unable to represent the ‘interdependencies’ of various activities.
Yes, bar graphs may be either horizontal or vertical.
A histogram shows a group of datasets, and hence it is not possible to find the highest or lowest values of the datasets.
A line graph shows the rate of change of one dataset with respect to another.