Grade 4 Math Curriculum
Place Value Concept
Grade 4 uses the concept of place value to expand the learner’s knowledge of numbers to larger numbers. Once students learn the concept of place value, it is easy to get acquainted with bigger numbers.
Place Value
Place value determines the value of a digit in a number by virtue of its position. Fourth grade math students need to learn the concept of place values to easily perform operations with larger numbers.
Different Forms to Represent Numbers
A number can be represented in multiple ways. Math students in fourth grade need to be familiar with all of these ways be it using numerals, place value or the expanded form.
Numbers in Words
1 Million Means
Million Billion Trillion
Comparison of Numbers using Place Value
Here, students will learn to compare two large numbers using the decimal place value system.
Greater than Symbol
Less than Symbol
Equal Sign
Learners are introduced to the sign of equality as the representation of a balanced equation.
Greater than and Less than Symbol
Use of Place Value to Round Numbers
Rounding off numbers is an important skill to estimate the value of numbers. Fourth grade students will learn how to apply this strategy to mentally solve math problems in an effective manner.
Add and Subtract Multi-Digit Numbers
Fourth grade math students are already familiar with the addition and subtraction operations. Here, they will learn to perform addition and subtraction of multi-digit numbers using standard methods and solve challenging real life word problems.
Operations on Multi-digit Numbers using rounding
Solving problems mentally and developing good estimation skills requires students to operate on numbers using rounding off as a method. It is essential to expose learners to operate on numbers using rounding; this will encourage them to participate actively in daily activities like checking bills, making budgets, etc.
Addition operation on multi-digit numbers
In this section, fourth graders will extend the concept of addition to include larger numbers. This time the emphasis will also be on standard methods and using the properties of addition.
Subtraction operation on multi-digit numbers
Once students are familiar with the addition operation, learning subtraction is easy, as it is the inverse operation of addition. Here, fourth graders will perform subtraction operations on multi-digit numbers using standard algorithms and subtraction properties.
Strategies for addition and subtraction on multi-digit numbers
As fourth grade math students, learners will be required to master addition and subtraction operations. Using properties and multiple strategies will help them develop mastery and fluency over the addition and subtraction concepts.
Two-step addition and subtraction
Here, students will learn to practice addition and subtraction involving large numbers in problems that require only two steps. They will solve fourth grade math questions to practice the operations.
Multiply by One-Digit Numbers
Once learners have understood multiplication as the ‘times’ concept using single digits, they are then encouraged to extend this understanding to larger numbers. Here, fourth graders will learn to multiply a two or more than two digit number with a single-digit number. This will be done using real life problems situations along with multiplication properties.
Multiplication of single-digit numbers
Multiplication is essentially the ‘times’ concept or repeated addition. Instead of adding the same number a certain number of times, we can multiply the number to find the product. Here, students will learn to multiply any number with a single-digit number.
Comparison of two numbers using multiplication
Students will learn how big or small a given value is as compared to the product of the other value with a specific number.
Multiplication of numbers using place value
Students can simplify multiplication operations by applying the concept of place value.
Multiplication operation on single-digit numbers using property and models
Multiplication of numbers can be carried out using multiple strategies. Here, fourth grade math students will learn to perform operations on single-digit numbers using the properties of multiplication. They will also learn to perform the same operations using visual and area models for clarity in understanding.
Measuring area using Distributive property
Multiplication can become real handy if the learners are equipped with the concept of decomposing a big number into friendly numbers and apply properties like distributivity to ease multiplication problems.
Multiplication of single-digit numbers using partial products
Multiplication of two numbers can be carried out using multiple strategies. A handy strategy is to break a number into friendly numbers and use partial product or the smaller rectangular area, The final product can be found by adding the sum of the partial products.
Multiplication using rounding of numbers
Rounding off is a method of estimation used to encourage mental math and verification while performing math operations. Here, students will learn to estimate products of two numbers using rounding off as the core concept.
Multiplication of single-digit numbers using expanded form
The concept of expanded form can be used to perform the multiplication of two numbers. Here, students will learn this concept with the help of fourth grade math problems.
Multiplication of multi-digit numbers with single-digit numbers
Here, 4th grade math students will extend their understanding of the multiplication concept by the multiplication of multi-digit numbers by single-digit numbers and solve problems based on it.
Multiply by Two-Digit Numbers
In this section, 4th grade math students will learn to perform the multiplication of two-digit numbers.
Multiplication of Two-digit Number using Place Values & Properties
Multiplication of two-digit numbers can be carried out using multiple methods. Students can use the concept of place values and properties of numbers to perform multiplication operations.
Multiplication of Two-digit Numbers using Rounding and Compatible Numbers
Fourth graders will learn to use the concept of rounding off and the use of compatible numbers to simplify multiplication operations.
Multiplication of Two-digit Numbers using Partial Product
Here, fourth grade math students will learn to perform multiplication on two-digit numbers using the concept of partial products.
Multiplication of Two-digit Numbers using Area Model
Multiplying two-digit numbers using the area model is a unique way of solving multiplication operations. It gives students a visual representation of the operation.
Multiplication of Two-digit Number using Strategies
The multiplication operation can be carried out using multiple strategies. Students need to be familiar with these strategies to perform operations quickly.
Multiplication of Two-digit Number using Properties
Multiplication operations can be simplified using the various properties like distributivity, multiples of 10s, etc. Here, students will learn to multiply numbers using properties, and they will solve questions based on this concept.
Multistep Multiplication of Two-digit Numbers
Here, fourth graders will apply their knowledge of multiplication to solving multi-step multiplication operations involving two-digit numbers.
Divide Multi-Digit Numbers by One-Digit Numbers
Division is the method of distributing a quantity into equal parts. As fourth grade students are already familiar with the division of smaller quantities or numbers, they will apply their learning to perform the division of multi-digit numbers. They will solve math problems for fourth graders to gain a robust understanding of division as a concept.
Partial Quotients of Division of Multi-digit Number by Single-digit Numbers
Here, fourth graders will learn to perform division operations of multi-digit numbers using the concept of partial quotients. This helps students use strategies like chunking, multiples of 10s,etc. to handle division of large quantities in a strategic manner.
Division by single-digit Numbers
Here, students will learn the division of single-digit numbers, backed by fourth grade math problems.
Division of Two-digit Numbers by single-digit Number
In this article, students will learn to perform the division of two-digit numbers by single-digit numbers.
Divide Multi-digit Numbers by single-digit Numbers
Fourth graders will extend their understanding of division to divide multi-digit numbers by single-digit numbers.
Use Place Values to Divide
Place value is basically the building block of the number system. Students can use the strategy of expanding and decomposing a big number using place value to perform division operations in a handy and comprehensible manner.
Division using Models or Models to find Quotients and Remainders
The usage of models will give students a visual representation of what they are learning. Fourth graders will learn to perform division using math models.
Remainder
Divisor
Dividend
Factors, Multiples and Patterns
Factors and multiples are concepts to further a learner’s understanding of multiplication. Factors are numbers involved in multiplication operations, and multiples are numbers obtained by multiplying a number with other numbers. Students will also be able to observe specific patterns among the multiples of numbers.
Finding Factor Pairs using the Divisibility Rule
All multiples have a factor pair associated with them. Here, fourth graders will learn to find factor pairs using divisibility rules.
Use Division to Find Factor Pairs
Factors and Multiples
The terms factors and multiples are correlated. These concepts are of great significance in daily life problem solving.
Factors of 1 to 100
Cofactor
Identify Prime and Composite Numbers
Prime numbers are numbers that have only two factors: 1 and the number itself. Composite numbers, on the other hand, have more than two factors. Here, fourth grade math students will learn to identify prime and composite numbers.
Is 1 a Prime Number
What are Twin Primes
Co-prime Numbers
Prime Numbers up to 100
Prime Numbers up to 1000
Number and Shape Patterns related to Factors and Multiples
There are specific numbers and shape patterns that can be found related to factors and multiples. In this section, fourth graders will learn to identify these patterns among factors and multiples.
Number Patterns Whole Numbers
Understand Fraction Equivalence and Comparison
Fractions are quantities that appear between whole numbers. A single quantity can be expressed in multiple ways using different sizes of parts or fraction numbers. These fractions that represent the same value but a different combination of the numerator and denominator are known as equivalent fractions.
Generate Equivalent Fractions using Multiplication and Division
Equivalent fractions are formed by a combination of numerators and denominators that actually represent the same value. Students learn to generate equivalent fractions of any given fraction by multiplying or dividing its numerator and denominator by a specific value.
Finding Equivalent Fractions using Area Model and Number Line
Students can understand the meaning of equivalent fractions for a given quantity using the area model or a number line.
Compare Fractions
Fourth graders will learn to compare any two fractions using visual methods and learning the underlying procedure.
Add and Subtract Fractions
Students will learn to perform addition and subtraction on fractions here. Addition and subtraction of fractions will be emphasized using visual models as well as deducing the procedural understanding. Students will learn these steps by practicing math problems for fourth graders.
Addition and Subtraction of Fractions using Models
Fourth graders will learn to use visual models to conceptualize the addition and subtraction of fractions.
Mixed Fractions
Mixed fractions, or mixed numbers, are numbers that consist of a whole number along with a fractional part.
Model of Fractions and Mixed Numbers
Here, fourth graders will learn to use models to represent fractions and mixed numbers.
Find the Sum of Fractions by Decomposing the Fractions
Students will learn to add two fractions using the decomposition method.
Addition and Subtraction of Fraction using like Denominators
Students will learn to add and subtract fractions that have the same denominator.
Addition and Subtraction of Mixed Numbers with like Denominators
Students will learn to add and subtract mixed numbers that have the same denominator.
Multiply Whole Numbers and Fractions
Fractions are the numbers that exist between whole numbers. Here, fourth grade math students will learn to multiply whole numbers with fractions and vice versa.
Understand Multiples of Fractions using Unit Fractions
Here, 4th grade math students will learn about the concept of unit fractions and how they can be used to find multiples of fractions.
Multi-step Operations on Fractions
Students will be introduced to multi-step operations on fractions.
Multiply Fractions and Whole Numbers
Fourth graders will learn to multiply fractions by whole numbers.
Relate Fractions and Decimals
Decimals and fractions are closely related. A quantity represented using a fraction can be represented as a decimal number as well. Similarly, a quantity represented using a decimal number can be represented as a fraction as well. Here, students will focus on the relationship between decimals and fractions.
Place and Place Values after Decimal Point
Fourth graders will extend their understanding of place value for large whole numbers to the place values for decimal numbers.
Addition Operation on Decimal Fractions and Decimals
Students will learn to perform addition on decimal fractions and decimal numbers.
Operations on Fractions and Decimals using Place Value
Fourth graders will learn to perform operations on fractions and decimals using the concept of place value.
Representation of Money
Representation of money and its denominations is one of the real-life applications of decimal numbers. Here, students will learn how decimal numbers are related to money.
Operations on Money
Fourth graders will learn to perform operations on money. They will also solve fourth grade math problems to master this concept.
Understand Measurement Equivalence
Measurement is the branch of math that can help learners relate to the physical world in a methodical manner and participate through problem solving. Students will learn to measure different quantities using the principles they have already learned in the lower grades.
Measurement of Length in Metric Units
Fourth graders are already familiar with the concept of measurement of length. Now, they will learn to measure the length in metric units such as centimeters, meters, kilometers, and so on.
Inch to centimeter converter
Relation Between Inch and cm
Centimeter to Inches Converter
Measurement of Length in Customary Units
Learners are introduced to the system of measurement known as the ‘Customary System of Units’, which is followed in the United states. Here, fourth graders will learn about units like yards, feet, inches and miles, which are part of the customary unit system and solve conversion and real life problems based on them.
Mass and Capacity in Metric Units
Mass and capacity are parameters used to describe three-dimensional objects. Fourth grade math students will learn the metric units of mass and capacity.
Mass and Capacity in Customary Units
We use parameters like mass and capacity to describe three-dimensional objects. Here, 4th grade math students will learn the customary units of mass like tons and pounds. Similarly, for capacity, learners are introduced to units like gallons, pints, and ounces, etc.
Creation and Interpretation of Line Plots
Students have already learned to display data points on a graph. Here, they will learn to create and interpret line plots with the help of fourth grade math problems.
Units of Time and their Conversion
Time is the progression of events from the past to the present into the future. In this section, students will learn the units of time, their relationship and solve problems requiring conversion from one unit of time to another.
Measurement of Elapsed Time
Elapsed time implies the duration taken for an event by measuring time that lies between the starting and ending of an event. Fourth graders will learn to measure the elapsed time of events through various problems.
Algebra of Mixed Measure
Mixed measures are quantities expressed in multiple units. Students will learn to perform math operations on mixed measures and solve fourth grade math problems based on them.
Use Perimeter and Area Formulas
Fourth grade math students have already been introduced to the concept of perimeter and area in lower grades. In fourth grade, they will learn to formalize the concept through a set of formulas used to find the area and perimeter of different shapes.
Rectangle
A rectangle is a four-sided shape whose opposite sides are equal and parallel. Here, fourth graders through the process of ‘square tiling’ will generalize the formula used to find the area and similarly use the perimeter generalization of rectangles and solve questions based on the same concept.
Area of Rectangle
Perimeter and Area of a Rectangle
Square
A square is a special type of rectangle in which all sides are of equal length. So, it has its own specific formulas for finding the area and perimeter which can help learners strategize and solve problems efficiently.
Perimeter of Square
Area of Square using Diagonal
Identify and Draw Lines and Angles
Points, lines, and angles are the basic units of geometry. Here, fourth graders are introduced to identify and draw points, lines, and rays with the help of some solved examples. This topic is important as students will use this concept multiple times while learning geometry.
Points, Lines and Rays
Points, lines, and rays are basic concepts in geometry. A point is a geometric shape with zero dimensions. Meanwhile, lines and rays are one-dimensional shapes.
Line Segment
Horizontal Line
Vertical Line
Angles and Degrees
Angles are figures formed when two lines or two rays meet. Angle specifies the extent of separation between the two lines. Angles are measured in units called degrees.
Straight Angle
Right Angle
Measurement of Unknown Angles
Here, fourth graders will learn to find the measure of unknown angles. Students should know to measure angles because it will help them solve many mathematical as well as real-life problems.
Angle using Pattern Block and Protractor
There are multiple ways to measure angles. Students can use figures with which they are already familiar—pattern blocks. Or they can use a simple instrument known as a protractor.
Identify Symmetry and Two-dimensional Shapes
Symmetry is a property of shapes and objects. A symmetric figure does not change with transformations like rotation and reflection.
Line Symmetry in Two-dimensional Shapes
Here, fourth graders will learn how to identify either single or multiple lines of symmetry among various two-dimensional shapes.
Lines of Symmetry in a Rectangle
Rhombus Lines of Symmetry
Classification of Triangles Based on Sides
Triangles can be classified based on the length of their sides and angles. This classification is based on the length of the sides in a triangle.
Equilateral Triangle
Isosceles Triangle
Isosceles Right Triangle
Properties of Isosceles Triangle
Scalene Triangle
Classification of Triangles Based on Angles
Triangles are classified into four categories based on the measurement of their angles: acute, obtuse, right-angled, and equiangular. Fourth graders will learn about each type of triangle in detail.
Acute Triangle
Obtuse Triangle
Right-angled Triangle
Equiangular Triangle
Types of Quadrilaterals
In general, quadrilaterals are two-dimensional shapes that are closed and have four sides. Since this is a generic definition, quadrilaterals are further classified into different types based on specific features. Fourth grade math students will learn about each of these quadrilaterals in detail.
Trapezoid
Parallelogram
Rectangle
Rhombus
Square
Trapezoids
Make your child Math confident for life
Ace concepts of mathematics with personalized learning
Make your child Math confident for life
Ace concepts of mathematics with personalized learning
Helpful Resource for your Kids
Solving math worksheets regularly is a great way to ensure your child learns to focus on math. It also helps your child to be more efficient in solving math problems. Click the links below to download free math worksheets.
Grade 4 students are introduced to the fundamental geometric concepts like points, lines, rays, angles.
Factors are numbers that can completely divide a number without leaving any remainder. On the other hand, the result of the multiplication operation on the given number leads to the multiples of the number.
Triangles are classified according to the length of their sides and the measure of their angles.
Fourth grade is an important grade where various new mathematical concepts are introduced like geometry, decimals, conversion etc. Students should practice a lot of questions to learn concepts thoroughly. BYJU’S Math provides free online classes and learning materials that students can try out. Fourth grade math problems available on BYJU’S Math should help students learn and thoroughly understand concepts.
Fourth graders should learn the concept of estimation as it will help them minimize calculation errors. Fourth graders will be performing calculations quite often. Knowing the estimated value of the outcome of math operations before performing the operation helps students stick to the expected outcome.