Selina Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 18 - Health Organizations

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1. 1. In which year was WHO established?

Solution:

The WHO was established in 1948.

1. Name the world organizations concerned with the following:
   1. Campaigning for control of endemic goitre
   2. Supplying food and other facilities for children in schools.

   Solution:

   1. Campaigning for control of endemic goitre – WHO(World Health Organization)
   2. Supplying food and other facilities to children in schools – Red Cross

Multiple Choice Type

(Select the most appropriate option in each case)

1. Red Cross Day is celebrated on
   1. May 8
   2. June 23
   3. September 17
   4. November 21

   Solution:

   a) May 8

   The Red Cross is a national as well as international agency that provides relief by providing aid to humans during war and peace time both.

2. WHO headquarters are located in
   1. Paris
   2. Berlin
   3. Geneva
   4. New York

   Solution:

   b) Geneva

   WHO has six regional offices in the world including one in Delhi.

Very short answer type

1. Match the activities in Column I with the respective organization in Column II (there can be one or more than one activity).

   (Activity) —– (Organization)

   1. (i) To extend relief to victims of earthquake —– (A) Red Cross
   2. (ii) To lay pharmaceutical standards for important drugs —– (B) WHO
   3. Arranging ambulance in emergencies
   4. To suggest quarantine measures
   5. Training of midwives
   6. Procuring and supplying blood for transfusion

   Solution:

   (Activity) —– (Organization)

   1. (i) To extend relief to victims of earthquake—– Red Cross
   2. (ii) To lay pharmaceutical standards for important drugs—–WHO
   3. Arranging ambulance in emergencies—– Red Cross
   4. To suggest quarantine measures—– WHO
   5. Training of midwives —–Red Cross
   6. Procuring and supplying blood for transfusion—– Red Cross
2. Where are the headquarters of WHO located?

   Solution:

   The World Health Organization (WHO) established in 1948, is a specialized agency of the United Nations Organization(UNO). The headquarters of WHO is located in Geneva.

3. What do the following abbreviations stand for?

   (a)WHO (b) UNO

   Solution:

   1. WHO – World Health Organization
   2. UNO – United Nations Organization

Short Answer Type

1. List any three health problems in India.

   Solution:

   Health problems differ with the difference in habitation. Listed below are three common health problems in India:

   • Food and water-borne diseases – certain diseases are common in water-deficient areas and areas where water is obtained from wells or hand-pumps wherein water is contaminated. Few of these diseases are Diarrhea, Dysentery, and Typhoid etc. Few other causes are toxic levels of mineral content found in drinking water, untreated sewage or effluents from industries poured into water bodies.
   • Insect and air-borne diseases – lack of awareness amongst people in the remote areas about the wide range of factors causing food contamination has affected and caused diseases. Factors such as lack of general cleanliness can lead to breeding of houseflies, mosquitoes and other insects which can potentially cause diseases has often been overlooked.
   • Unavailability of proper medical facilities and nutrition due to a combination of financial distress and medical help in remote areas has increased the mortality rate and is one of the major health concerns.
2. State two functions of WHO.

   Solution:

   The two functions of the WHO (World Health Organization) are as follows:

   • To collect and supply information about the occurrence of epidemic diseases Example – Cholera, typhoid etc.
   • To promote and support projects for research on diseases.
3. State the main functions of Red Cross.

   Solution:

   The main functions of the Red Cross are:

   • To extend relief and help to the victims of any calamity – fire, flood, famine, earthquakes etc
   • To procure and supply blood for the victims of war and other calamities
   • To extend all possible first-aid in an accident
   • To educate people in accident prevention
   • To arrange for ambulance service in all emergencies
   • To look after maternal and child welfare centres
   • Trains midwives.
4. State the main functions of World Health Organization.

   Solution:

   The main functions of the World Health Organization are:

   • To collect and supply information about the occurrence of epidemic diseases Example – Cholera, typhoid etc.
   • To promote and support projects for research on diseases
   • To supply information on the latest developments about vaccine use, cancer research, control of drug addiction, health hazards of nuclear radiation
   • To suggest quarantine measures to avert the spreading of diseases
   • To lay pharmaceutical standards for important drugs
   • Organization of campaigns to control the epidemic and endemic diseases
5. Distinguish between sewage and effluents.

   Solution:

   The difference between sewage and effluents are as follows:

   Sewage	Effluents
   Sewage(domestic wastewater) is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people as an outcome of daily activities such as washing, bathing etc and also contains faecal matter	It is the liquid waste flowing out of a factory, farm etc into water bodies such as rivers, ponds, lakes etc.

Long Answer Type

1. Describe the reasons for the formation of WHO.

   Solution:

   The World Health Organization (WHO) established in 1948, is a specialized agency of the United Nations Organization (UNO). The reasons for the formation of WHO are as follows:

   • Member countries of the UNO focused on the need for creating an international body to look after the health problems of people of the world.
   • The need for having an organization was felt in fields of research on the causes and cures of diseases.
   • These measures were attempted in order to provide better, faster results.
   • Most importantly, it aimed at proving to be beneficial for the poor and developing countries.

Selina Solutions for class 9 Biology Chapter 18 – Health Organizations

ICSE Class 9 Biology Chapter 18 – Health Organizations chapter is classified under Unit – VI of Biology textbook – Health & Hygiene. Health refers to the normal and healthy state of the body in all the three aspects namely – physical, mental and social wellness while Hygiene concerns with the conditions and practices in order to maintain health and prevent any chance of diseases.

The unit Health organization is included in the syllabus for class 9 so that students get enlightened about the importance of health and the various health organizations that are successfully running across the world, and the various activities they carry out for human welfare.

The chapter covers the following types of questions:

• Multiple-choice questions
• Matching items from two given Columns
• Very short answer type questions
• Short answer type questions
• Long answer type questions

List of subtopics covered in Chapter 18 – Health Organizations

List of Exercise

Selina Solutions for class 9 Biology Chapter 18 – Health Organizations

Health and is a well known and familiarized concept. Before understanding advanced concepts of health, it is important to learn and decipher the fundamentals of health starting from the definition.

As health is one of the many primary concerns of all the governments of the world, they strive to take measures individually at the national level as well as collectively at the global level to safeguard the health interests of their people. The chapter aims at educating students about the two main organizations:

• Red cross
• World Health Organization (WHO)

Through this chapter, the readers are also guided about common health problems in India such as food and water-borne diseases, insect and air-borne diseases etc. The activities/functions of both these important bodies(Red cross and WHO) are discussed briefly for students to understand its significance.

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