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Question

In Tollen’s test for aldehyde, the overall number of electron(s) transferred to the Tollen’s reagent formula [Ag(NH3)2]+ per aldehyde group to form silver mirror is ________. (Round off to the Nearest Integer).


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Solution

  1. One mole of aldehyde reacts with Tollen’s reagent to the form one mole of carboxylic acid, two moles of silver and two moles of ammonia.
  2. Reaction: The first half of the reaction:[Ag(NH3)2]++eAg0+2NH3.
  3. The second half of the reaction: RCHO+3OHRCO2+2H2O+2e.
  4. Overall reaction: 2[Ag(NH3)2]++RCHO+3OH2Ag0+RCO2+4NH3+2H2O.
  5. In the above reaction, 2Ag++2e2Ag.

Thus, the total number of electrons transferred is 2.


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