Question

Is$\mathrm{MnO}$ an antiferromagnetic material?

Answer 1

Antiferromagnetic: The term "antiferromagnetic material" refers to substances that exhibit antiferromagnetism.

1. These materials are weakly magnetized in the direction of the magnetic field when placed in the presence of a strong magnetic field.
2. In transitional metal compounds, antiferromagnetic materials are often encountered.
3. Examples of antiferromagnetic materials include chromium, hematite, iron-manganese alloys, and nickel oxides.
4. Manganese(II) oxide is an inorganic compound and its chemical name is $\mathrm{MnO}$, it is an antiferromagnetic material.
5. The electrons were found to be most likely in a region known as the orbital, supporting the idea of ​​an atomic structure.
6. Based on additional research, four quantum numbers that could provide a comprehensive picture of electron space were offered.
7. The electron shell is represented by the principal quantum number.
8. It is represented by the number n. It provides a complete view of the number of spheres and subshells.
9. The value of n is always a natural number.
10. K represents shell first, L second, M third, and N fourth.
11. The value of n determines the number of subshells, while${\mathrm{n}}^2$ determines the number of orbitals.
12. The azimuthal quantum number, abbreviated as L, is next.
13. It provides information about orbital calculations and subshells.
14. Starting from 0 going up to$(\mathrm{n}-1)$.
15. It also provides the form of orbitals. As integers, the orbital numbers lie in between$(-\mathrm{l}\mathrm{to}+\mathrm{l}).$
16. The magnetic third quantum number is denoted by the letter m.
17. We get the exact orbitals from this.
18. Given that its total value falls between$(-\mathrm{l}\mathrm{and}+\mathrm{l})$, it can be expressed as either ${\mathrm{n}}^{{}_2}\mathrm{or}(2\mathrm{l}+1).$
19. The final quantum number, called the spin quantum number, reveals the spin of an electron in its orbital.
20. It is shown as S. It only has the values ​​+0.5 and -0.5.
21. If it is facing clockwise, The magnetic behavior of an atom depends on its spin.
22. The atom is diamagnetic if the electrons are coupled; otherwise, it is paramagnetic, which can be further subdivided into ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism, and antiferromagnetism.
23. An atom is ferromagnetic when the electron spins are perpendicular to the magnetic field.
24. An atom is antiferromagnetic when its spins point in opposite directions and are parallel.
25. An atom is ferromagnetic if the spins are parallel, but their magnitudes are not the same and they do not cancel each other out.
26. The Mn orbital is half-filled because there are 5 electrons in the d-subshell.
27. Therefore it has the highest magnetic moment among three-dimensional elements and a magnetic susceptibility value greater than zero.
28. As the magnetic susceptibility increases, the electrons are aligned so that their actions cancel each other out.

Diagram:

Hence,$\mathrm{MnO}$ is an Antiferromagnetic Material.