Question

Match list-I with list-II

Column 1	Column 2
Hypophosphorous acid	$+5$
Orthophosphoric acid	$+4$
Hypophosphoric acid	$+3$
Orthophosphorous acid	$+1$

Answer 1

(A) Hypophosphorous acid -(IV) $+1$

1. With the chemical formula${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_2$, hypophosphorous acid, also known as phosphinic acid, is a phosphorus oxyacid and a strong reducing agent.
2. It is a colorless, low-melting substance that is water soluble.
3. The oxidation state of phosphorous in ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_2$ will be calculated as let the oxidation state of phosphorus be “x”
4. Oxidation state$=$oxidation state of Hydrogen$\times 3+$oxidation state of phosphorus$+$Oxidation state of oxygen$\times 2$
5. Oxidation stat$=+1\times 3+\mathrm{x}+(-2)\times 2$
6. Oxidation state of phosphorous or $\mathrm{x}=4-3\Rightarrow +1$

(B) Orthophosphoric acid- (I) $+5$

1. The inorganic compound phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid, has the formula${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4$.
2. It is a colorless solid.
3. The oxidation state of phosphorous in${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4$ will be calculated as let the oxidation state of phosphorus be “x”
4. Oxidation state$=$Oxidation state of Hydrogen$\times 3+$Oxidation state of phosphorus$+$Oxidation state of oxygen$\times 4$
5. Oxidation state$=+1\times 3+\mathrm{x}+(-2)\times 4$
6. Oxidation state of phosphorous or$\mathrm{x}=+5$

(C) Hypophosphoric acid-(II) $+4$

1. Mineral acid hypophosphoric acid has the formula${\mathrm{H}}_4{\mathrm{P}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_6$
2. It is a white solid.
3. The oxidation state of phosphorous in${\mathrm{H}}_4{\mathrm{P}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_6$ will be calcuatcalculated the oxidation state of phsophophosphorus
4. Oxidation state$=$oxidation state of hydrogen$\times 4+$oxidation state of phosphorus$\times 2+$Oxidation state of oxygen$\times 4$
5. Oxidation state$=+1\times 4+2\mathrm{x}+(-2)\times 6$
6. Oxidation state of phosphorous or $\mathrm{x}=+4$

(D) Orthophosphorous acid- (III) $+3$

1. Orthophosphorous acid or phosphorous acid is the name given to${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_3$.
2. Salts called phosphites, which are produced by phosphoric acid ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_3$ and are sometimes utilized as reduction agents.
3. The oxidation state of phosphorous in${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_3$ will be calculated as let the oxidation state of phosphorus be “x”
4. Oxidation state$=$oxidation state of Hydrogen$\times 3+$oxidation state of phosphorus$+$Oxidation state of oxygen$\times 3$
5. Oxidation state=+1x3+x+(-2)x3$=+1\times 3+\mathrm{x}+(-2)\times 3$
6. Oxidation state of phosphorous or x$=+3$

Final answer:

Name of oxo acid	Oxidation state of phosphorous
A. Hypophosphorous acid	$+1$
B. Orthophosphoric acid	$+5$
C. Hypophosphoric acid	)$+4$
D. Orthophosphorous acid	$+3$