Question

Statement I: A cloth covers a table. Some dishes are kept on it. The cloth can be pulled out without dislodging the dishes from the table.

Statement II: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• A. Statement I is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement II is a correct explanation for Statement I
• B. Statement 1 is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement II is incorrect explanation for Statement I
• C. Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect
• D. Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct

Answer 1

The correct option is B

Statement 1 is correct, Statement II is correct, Statement II is incorrect explanation for Statement I

The explanation for the correct option:

In the case of option B,

1. Newton's first law also known as the law of inertia states that unless an external force causes a change, a body at rest or moving in a straight path at a constant speed will remain at rest or continue to move in a straight line at a constant speed.
2. Inertia is the correct explanation of statement I as inertia is the property of any object by virtue of which an object resists the change in the state of rest or motion unless the body is acted upon by any external force.
3. Due to this inertia when an external force is applied to pull the cloth, it moves, but the dishes remain motionless because no force is applied to the dishes. As a result, the clothes can be dragged out without causing the dishes to fall off.
4. The second statement is correct as it represents Newton's third law of motion. but, the second statement is the incorrect explanation for the first statement.

The explanation for the incorrect options:

In the case of option A,

1. The second statement follows Newton's third law of motion whereas the first statement follows Newton's first law of motion.
2. So, the second statement can't explain the first statement.
3. However, both statements are correct.

In the case of option C,

1. The second statement is correct.
2. It represents Newton's third law of motion.
3. Thus, this option does not follow.

In the case of option D,

1. The statement (I) follows the law of inertia or Newton's first law of motion and it is the correct statement.
2. Thus, this option does not follow.

Hence, option B is the correct answer.