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Question

The hardness of a water sample containing 10-3MMgSO4 expressed as CaCO3 equivalents (in ppm)is (molar mass of MgSO4is 120.37g/mol)


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Solution

The hardness of water:

  • Compounds of calcium and magnesium, as well as a number of other metals, contribute to hardness. According to general recommendations, fluids should be categorized as soft up to 60 mg/L (milligrams per liter) of calcium carbonate, moderately hard between 61 and 120 mg/L, hard between 121 and 180 mg/L, and very hard over 180 mg/L.

Solution:

HardnessofwaterismeasuredinppmintermsCaCO3.nCaCO3=nMgSO4ppmistheparts(ingrams)presentpermillioni.e,1061000mLhas10-3molesofMgSO4.GramsofCaCO3in1000mL=10-3×100gramsGramsofCaCO3in1mL=10-3×100/1000gramsHardness=(10-3×100/1000)×106=100ppm.


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