Question

The ionic radii of ${\mathrm{O}}^{2-}$,${\mathrm{F}}^{-}$,${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$are in the order:

• A. ${\mathrm{F}}^{-}>{\mathrm{O}}^{2-}>{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}>{\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$
• B. ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}>{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}>{\mathrm{F}}^{-}>{\mathrm{O}}^{2-}$
• C. ${\mathrm{O}}^{2-}>{\mathrm{F}}^{-}>{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}>{\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$
• D. ${\mathrm{O}}^{2-}>{\mathrm{F}}^{-}>{\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}>{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$

Answer 1

The correct option is C

${\mathrm{O}}^{2-}>{\mathrm{F}}^{-}>{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}>{\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$

The correct answer is (c):

The correct option is explained as follows:

(c)

• Explanation: When an atom receives one or more electrons, its effective nuclear charge decreases, causing a negative ion to form. Nuclear reactions include the formation of a negative ion.
• The mass of an atomic nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of its constituent subatomic particles (protons and neutrons). The nuclear binding energy is responsible for the mass difference (often referred to as a mass defect).

The explanation for the incorrect options is as follows:

(a)

• Explanation: Simply put, the products of nuclear fission and fusion are always lighter than the reactants. This lost mass is converted into energy. A single gram of matter can generate approximately$90,00,00,00,000$ kilojoules of energy.
• As a result, a dangerous ion is formed, an atom receives one or more electrons, and the effective nuclear charge is reduced.

(b)

• Explanation: Nuclear reactions occur when two atomic nuclei or one atomic nucleus collides with a subatomic particle, resulting in the production of one or more nuclides.
• Nuclear reactions produce nuclides that are distinct from the nuclei undergoing the reaction (commonly referred to as the parent nuclei).

(d)

• Explanation: Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reactions are the two most common types. containing nuclear reactions The former requires a The former occurs when a heavy nucleus absorbs neutrons (or other relatively light particles) and splits into two (or more) lighter nuclei. When two relatively light nuclei collide, they fuse to form a single, heavier nucleus.

The correct answer is (c): When an atom receives one or more electrons, the effective nuclear charge decreases, resulting in the formation of a negative ion.