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Question

What Is C2H2 Hybridization?


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Solution

The structure C2H2 is determined asH-CC-H. Its IUPAC name is Ethyne and its common name is Acetylene.

The hybridization of C2H2can be explained by the following steps-

Step 1- Formation of sigma bond by the first Carbon atom

  1. The electronic configuration of C is .1s22s22p2in ground state.
  2. When it is excited one electron from 2s the orbital jump to the 2pz orbital and then the electronic configuration becomes1s22s22px12py12pz1.
  3. The CH molecule has only one hydrogen atom therefore 2s1 and 2pz1 combines to form sp a hybridized atom.
  4. Thus, there will be the formation of two sigma bonds between Carbon-Hydrogen C-H and Carbon-CarbonC-C.

Step 2- Formation of sigma bond by the second Carbon atom

  1. Similarly, the second Carbon also forms a sigma bond between C-Hand C-Cby sp hybridization.
  2. Thus, four sphybrid orbitals are formed during the formation ofC2H2.

Step 3- π Bonding in hybrid orbitals.

  1. In this, the Carbon atom will have two half-filled 2p orbitals. These two pairs of p orbitals do not participate in the hybridization and instead form two π bonds resulting in the formation of a triple bond.

Thus the hybridization H-CC-H is sp hybridization.


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