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Question

What is capillary method?


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Solution

Capillary method:

  • The capillary method is one of the oldest methods used to determine the surface tension in liquids or gases.
  • Capillary rise takes place due to the cohesive and the adhesive forces that force the liquid to rise in the tube through a very small diameter.
  • It happens when a capillary tube is placed in a liquid present in the container, the liquid rises in the capillary tube up to a certain distance which helps in the determination of surface tension in liquids.

Level rise or fall in a capillary:

However, the liquid level increases or decreases in the capillary tube depending on

  • If adhesive force is more than the cohesive force between the liquid and the capillary wall, an increase in the liquid level takes place. Example: Water
  • If the adhesive force is weaker than the cohesive force between the liquid and the capillary wall, an decrease in the liquid level takes place. Example: Mercury

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