Question

What is the conjugate of ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$?

Answer 1

Conjugate acid and base concept:

1. According to Bronsted Lowry's theory, it is formed by the addition of conjugate acid and conjugate base in a chemical reaction. It is divided into two sections:
2. When an acid is capable of donating a proton and there is an addition of a proton to the acid is known as conjugate acid.
3. When a base is capable of accepting a proton and there is the removal of a proton from the acid is known as conjugate base.

For example:

1. The acid-base reaction forms conjugate acid and base by the addition and removal of the proton. $$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right) \\ \mathrm{Base}\mathrm{acid}\mathrm{Conjugate}\mathrm{acid}\mathrm{Conjugate}\mathrm{base} \end{gathered}$$
2. The conjugate of ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ are detailed below: When Sulphuric acid as an acid reacts with water as a base then this reaction forms the conjugate acid and base.$$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{HSO}}_4^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right) \\ \mathrm{Acid}\mathrm{Base}\mathrm{Conjugate}\mathrm{acid}\mathrm{Conjugate}\mathrm{base} \end{gathered}$$
3. Conjugate acid: In the above acid-base reaction, there is the transfer of one proton from the acid and the addition of this proton form a conjugate acid.
4. Conjugate base: In the above reaction, there is a removal of a proton from the acid and it forms the conjugate base.