Question

Which is more paramagnetic ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{+2}\mathrm{or}{\mathrm{Fe}}^{+3}$

Answer 1

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1. The atomic number of Iron is $26$ and the electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{d}}^6$.
2. The paramagnetism is the magnetic property of an element.
3. The property possesses by the materials to get magnetized while applying the external magnetic field.
4. The number of unpaired electrons shows such property.
5. Removal of two electrons from Iron changes the electronic configuration and it becomes$1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^6$.
6. But on the other hand removal of three electrons from Iron changes the electronic configuration and now it becomes, $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{d}}^5$.
7. Paramagnetism is directly proportional to the number of unpaired electrons, more is the unpaired electron more it will show paramagnetic character.
8. Therefore, ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{+2}$ have four unpaired electrons while ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{+3}$ have five unpaired electrons so ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{+3}$ is more paramagnetic in nature.