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Question

Why is a perfect heat engine impossible?


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Solution

Heat Engine:

  1. It is a system that converts all the heat energy into mechanical energy.
  2. Some examples of heat engine are steam engine and car engine.
  3. A perfect heat engine is one which works with 100% efficiency, that is it converts all the heat energy in it to mechanical energy.

Second Law of Thermodynamics:

  1. It states that “Heat always travels from a hotter body to a colder body.”

Perfect Heat Engine:

  1. According to the second law of thermodynamics, there is always some loss of heat in a heat engine.
  2. The heat loss can be due to friction between parts of the engine, heat escaping via radiation, etc.
  3. It is impossible to achieve with 100% thermal efficiency.

Hence, a perfect heat engine is impossible.


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