Question

With respect to hypochlorite, chlorate and perchlorate ions, choose the correct statement(s).

• A. The hypochlorite ion is the strongest conjugate base.
• B. The molecular shape of only chlorate ion is influenced by the lone pair of electrons of Cl.
• C. The hypochlorite and chlorate ions disproportionate to give rise to an identical set of ions.
• D. The hypochlorite ion oxidizes the sulfite ion.

Answer 1

Answer: (A), (B), (D)

The hypochlorite ion oxidizes the sulfite ion.

Explanation for correct option:

A. The hypochlorite ion is the strongest conjugate base.

1. Because $\mathrm{HOCl}$ is chlorine's weakest oxyacid.
2. As a result, $\mathrm{ClO}$ becomes the most powerful conjugate base.
3. The ion hypochlorite has the chemical formula and $\mathrm{ClO}$ is made up of chlorine and oxygen.
4. Because it is unstable in its pure form, hypochlorite is most typically employed in its salt form, sodium hypochlorite, for bleaching, disinfection, and water treatment.
5. Hence option A is correct

B. The molecular shape of only chlorate ion is influenced by the lone pair of electrons of $\mathrm{Cl}.$

1. When electrolysis of a potassium chloride solution is carried out in such a way that the alkali generated around the cathode comes into touch with the chlorine released at the anode, and the temperature is held above $50°\mathrm{C}$, chlorate is formed.
2. 
3. Hence option B is correct

D. The hypochlorite ion oxidizes the sulfite ion.

1. Lower oxyacids are effective oxidizers.
2. ${\mathrm{SO}}_3^{2-}+{\mathrm{ClO}}^{-}\to {\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-}+{\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}$
3. Hence option D is correct

Explanation for incorrect option:

C. The hypochlorite and chlorate ions disproportionate to give rise to an identical set of ions.

1. The anion formed by the dissociation of chloric acid is chlorate, whereas the anion formed by the dissociation of perchloric acid is perchlorate.
2. Chlorate and perchlorate are oxyanions, meaning they have chlorine and oxygen atoms in them.
3. $3{\mathrm{ClO}}^{-}\to 2\mathrm{Cl}+{\mathrm{ClO}}_3^{-};{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{eq}}={10}^{27}$
4. Hence option C is incorrect

With respect to hypochlorite, chlorate, and perchlorate ions, the correct statement(s) are:

A. The hypochlorite ion is the strongest conjugate base.

B. The molecular shape of only chlorate ion is influenced by the lone pair of electrons of $\mathrm{Cl}.$

D. The hypochlorite ion oxidizes the sulfite ion.