Question

How can proteins governing cell mechanisms be grouped?

Answer 1

Cell proteins:

1. There are a large number of proteins that will govern various functions of the cell.
2. These proteins can be extracellular or intracellular.
3. These proteins govern various activities like cell growth, cell division, cell death, cell regeneration, and death.
4. There are two groups of proteins: the positive regulator protein and the negative regulator protein.
   1. Positive regulator protein is the binding of a specific protein(activator) required for transcription to start. DNA-bound activators help in regulating transcription by helping with ignition.
   2. Negative regulators are regulatory elements that obstruct the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter region, thus repressing the process of transcription. For example in lac operon, the negative regulator would be the lac repressor which binds to the promoter in the same site that RNA polymerase normally binds.
5. Mutations in these regulator proteins can be dangerous for the organism.