How chromosomes are involved in the process of inheritance?
Open in App
Solution
Chromosomes:
Chromosomes are thread-like structures of nucleic acids and proteins that are found within the nucleus of living cells and are primarily involved in gene-shaped genetic information.
Carl Wilhelm von Nageli, a Swiss botanist, discovered chromosomes and was the first to study cell divisions.
Limitations of Mendelian genetics:
During Mendel's experimentation, society was not accepting of such drastic changes in scientific ideas.
They did not believe that such distinct variables as genes could Separate without combining, as this contradicted their belief in continuous evolutionary shifts.
Furthermore, communication channels were limited at the time, making it difficult to disseminate information to the masses.
Mendel's scientific approach to proving biological rules was always flawed.
Chromosomal theory of inheritance:
The basic genetic theory recognizes chromosomes as the carriers of genetic material.
The two scientists who are credited with developing the Inheritance Chromosomal Theory are Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton.
Boveri and Sutton proposed the chromosomal theory of inheritance in the early 1900s.
It is the basic genetic theory. Genes, according to this theory, are heredity units found in chromosomes.
Long after Mendelian genetics, inheritance chromosomal theory emerged.
Vries, Correns, and Tschermak discovered chromosomes that remained within the nucleus over time. When Sutton and Boveri divided the cells, they observed the behaviour of the chromosomes.
The advancements in the microscope made this task easier.
They used chromosomal motion to demonstrate Mendel's laws.
They demonstrated chromosome segregation during the cell division process known as Anaphase.
Inheritance's Chromosomal Theory arose from the concept of chromosomal segregation combined with Mendelian principles.
T.H. Morgan expanded on the research and demonstrated how it induced differences in sexual reproduction using Drosophila melanogaster.
