How might defective double-strand break repair lead to gross chromosome rearrangements?

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Solution

Chromosome rearrangements:
When the double-strand breaks by homologous recombination and it fails to repair, this leads to chromosomal rearrangements.
Since there is a lot of repetitive DNA in humans thus, there are a lot of chances of accidental recombination of these repetitive DNAs with similar sequences that are present on a non-homologous chromosome.
If there are defects in the repair enzyme due to which recombination processes are progressed incorrectly, this can lead to non-reciprocal translocation.
In non-reciprocal translocation, one part of a chromosome adheres to another.

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