Question

In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self-cells and non-self. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self-cells, then it leads to?

• A. Graft rejection
• B. Auto-immune disease
• C. Active immunity
• D. Allergic response

Answer 1

The correct option is B

Auto-immune disease

The correct option is option B

Explanation of correct option:

1. A condition in which our immune system mistakenly attacks our body cells is known as autoimmune disease.
2. Normally, the immune system protects us from germs such as bacteria and viruses. It sends out an army of fighter cells to attack these foreign invaders when it detects them.
3. Eg . Addison disease, Graves disease, Myasthenia gravis

Explanation of incorrect option:

Option A

1. Graft rejection occurs when the recipient's immune system attacks the donated tissue or organ and begins to destroy it.
2. It usually takes place when the recipient's immune system considers and attacks the foreign HLA proteins of the donor.

Option C

1. When the immune system is exposed to a disease organism, it produces antibodies to that disease. This is known as active immunity.
2. Natural immunity or vaccine-induced immunity are two ways to acquire active immunity.

Option D

1. It is the response by our immune system that is misperceived as a harmful by our immune system but actually it won't be harmful.
2. The allergic response is maintained by eosinophils and basophils that come under the category of WBC.

Final answer: In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self-cells and non-self. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self-cells, then it leads to auto-immune disease.