Question

In-plant breeding programs, the entire collection having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called?

• A. Germplasm collection
• B. Cross hybridization among all the selected parents
• C. Evaluation and selection of parents
• D. Selection of superior recombinants

Answer 1

The correct option is A

Germplasm collection

The correct option is A.

Explanation for correct option:

1. Germplasm is the entire total of hereditary material, such as all the alleles of various genes, found in a crop species and its wild relatives.
2. Also called genetic resources, gene pool, or genetic stock.
3. Germplasm is a term used to describe living genetic resources such as seeds or tissues that are kept for animal and plant breeding, preservation, and other scientific purposes.
4. Primitive landraces and wild species connected to certain crops, as well as improved varieties and breeders' lines, make up a germplasm collection.
5. Germplasm is used to create novel plant varieties for forestry, industrial, and medicinal reasons, as well as for food, feed, fibre, turf, forages, and ornamentals.

Explanation for incorrect option:

Option B:

1. Cross-hybridization between chosen parents – the process of hybridization entails artificial cross-pollination between two pure line parents with the desired traits.
2. The offspring produced are known as hybrids.

Option C:

1. Picking up seeds from only those plants for multiplication that have the desired features is known as the selection of parents.
2. For favorable features to be included in the new variety, the entire pool of germplasm is screened.
3. To increase homozygosity, the plants chosen as parents are self-pollinated (presence of similar alleles for a particular character).

Option D:

1. Selecting and testing superior recombinants: In this step, plants with the required character combination are chosen from the hybrids' offspring.
2. Plants that are superior to both of the parents are produced through the selection process.

Final answer: In-plant breeding programs, the entire collection having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called germplasm collection.